DuringEl Niño events:a.Australia experiences drought.b.western North America experiences drought.c.Canada and Alaska are cooler than average.d.populations of anchovies and seabirds increase along the South Americancoast.e.primary production increases around the Galápagos Islands.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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During
El Niño events:
a.
Australia experiences drought.
b.
western North America experiences drought.
c.
Canada and Alaska are cooler than average.
d.
populations of anchovies and seabirds increase along the South American
coast.
e.
primary production increases around the Galápagos Islands.

Expert Solution
Step 1

Thee masses of water in the ocean that flows from one place to another place is termed ocean currents. In the year of 1920s, Walker first discovered an east-west atmospheric pressure sea saw is called Southern Oscillation. The combined atmospheric and oceanic effect is termed as El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which occasionally alternative between hot and cool conditions and made considerable changes in the environment.

El Nino (ENSO warm phase):

The great amount of pressure that acting across the coastal area of South America feeble, decreases the variation within the high and low pressure areas of the Walker circulation system. This will result in decreasing the effect of South-East trade winds. When this effect is stronger it pushes the trade winds in the reverse direction. When El Nino occurs the atmosphere pressure lowers in South America ad high over Indonesia. This will leads to flood happens in South America and drought can occur over in Indonesia. Downwelling can take over the upwelling of warm water leaks much marine life. 

Australia is the west part of the pacific ocean and when El Nino acts Australia affects drought and Soth Ameria experiencing flooding. 

All other options did not relate to the El Nino effect. 

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