Drunks Police often set up sobriety checkpoints—roadblocks where drivers are asked a few brief questionsto allow the officer to judge whether or not the person may have been drinking. If the officer does not sus-pect a problem, drivers are released to go on their way. Otherwise, drivers are detained for a Breathalyzer testthat will determine whether or not they will be arrested.The police say that based on the brief initial stop, trainedofficers can make the right decision 80% of the time.Suppose the police operate a sobriety checkpoint after9 p.m. on a Saturday night, a time when national trafficsafety experts suspect that about 12% of drivers havebeen drinking.a) You are stopped at the checkpoint and, of course, havenot been drinking. What’s the probability that you aredetained for further testing?b) What’s the probability that any given driver will bedetained?c) What’s the probability that a driver who is detainedhas actually been drinking?d) What’s the probability that a driver who was releasedhad actually been drinking?

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Drunks Police often set up sobriety checkpoints—
roadblocks where drivers are asked a few brief questions
to allow the officer to judge whether or not the person
may have been drinking. If the officer does not sus-
pect a problem, drivers are released to go on their way.
Otherwise, drivers are detained for a Breathalyzer test
that will determine whether or not they will be arrested.
The police say that based on the brief initial stop, trained
officers can make the right decision 80% of the time.
Suppose the police operate a sobriety checkpoint after
9 p.m. on a Saturday night, a time when national traffic
safety experts suspect that about 12% of drivers have
been drinking.a) You are stopped at the checkpoint and, of course, have
not been drinking. What’s the probability that you are
detained for further testing?
b) What’s the probability that any given driver will be
detained?
c) What’s the probability that a driver who is detained
has actually been drinking?
d) What’s the probability that a driver who was released
had actually been drinking?
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