Drections :("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1. In the period around 700 BCE, Greece was divided into several independent and often warring kingdoms. Each king's power was supported by an army made up of part-time hoplite soldiers who came from the class of small landowning farmers, merchants and artisans. In several of these kingdoms, the hoplites were growing increasingly discontent with the power of their kings. This frustration led to the rise of tyrants in the period from around 650 BCE to 500 BCE. These tyrants promised reforms in exchange for the support of the hoplites. Tyrants successfully overthrew many of the kings and then attempted to establish despotic power for themselves. In most cases this was unsuccessful and the tyrants were themselves overthrown by the hoplites ushering the period of the Greek polis. In the period from about 600 BCE to about 300 BCE Greece was divided into several (again often warring) city-states, called polis. The form of government in each polis varied, with some limited democracies (Athens), some oligarchies (Sparta), and some remaining monarchies. 1. What caused the period of the Greek polis? What different types (with examples) of governments did they have? 2. Of the Greek polis, Athens and Sparta were the most powerful and influential Political reforms instituted by Solon in 594 BCE and Pericles from 461 to 429 BCE brought Athens its closest to a true democracy. However, at best, only 10% to 15% of the population of Athens was ever allowed to participate in government. Women, the foreign born, and slaves (about 30% of the population) were always barred from participation. 2. Why were Athens and Sparta not a true democracy? 3. In c.725 BCE Sparta conquered the neighboring region of Messenia and forced the population into slavery. This population, called Helots revolted in about 650 BCE. This revolt led to a series of reforms that basically turned Sparta into a military state in which all males were expected to spend the majority of their life in military service. Population growth and limited arable land led many of the Greek Polis to establish colonies around the Mediterranean. This spread Greek culture and political traditions to neighboring people, including the Romans and brought conflict with neighboring empires like the Persians. Greek World in 338 BCE Greece succumb to invasion by their neighbor's to the north, Macedonia. While in many ways the Macedonians had a culture unique from the Greeks they envied Greek achievements and thus fancied themselves a part of Greek culture. In 334 BCE Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king, led a combined Greek and Macedonian army to conquer the Persians ushering a brief period empire heavily influenced by Greek culture known as the Hellenistic Age 3. What conditions led to the spread of Greek culture? 4. Like the early Greeks, the Romans transitioned from a kingdom to a limited representative government to an empire. From about 753 to 507 BCE tradition holds that Rome was ruled by a series of seven kings, the last was a tyrant and thus overthrown by the wealthy landowning class. This event ushered in the period of the Roman Republic (507 BCE to about 88 BCE). 4. How was Roman government similar to the Greeks? 5. Rome enjoyed a much more hospitable homeland than the Greeks with long growing seasons, fertile soil, vast forest, and rich iron deposits. These advantages helo exolain how they came to surpass the Greeks in some areas of cultural and political development. 5. , What geographical factors helped the Romans surpass the Greeks? 6. The Roman Republic was made up of two basic social classes, the wealthy patricians and plebeians who constituted a class of laborers and owners of small farms. In the early republic the patrician class maintained almost complete governmental power through its control over the main branches of government: the Senate, assemblies and elected consuls. While plebeians held the right to vote in assemblies their votes counted less than those of patricians. Over time, discontent and rebellion among the plebeians forced reforms that granted them greater but never equal governmental power. This republican government proved highly effective and Rome expanded to control all of the Italian peninsula (290 BCE). 6. Who were the patricians and plebians? Who held the most power? Explain.

Drections :("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1. In the period around 700 BCE, Greece was divided into several independent and often warring kingdoms. Each king's power was supported by an army made up of part-time hoplite soldiers who came from the class of small landowning farmers, merchants and artisans. In several of these kingdoms, the hoplites were growing increasingly discontent with the power of their kings. This frustration led to the rise of tyrants in the period from around 650 BCE to 500 BCE. These tyrants promised reforms in exchange for the support of the hoplites. Tyrants successfully overthrew many of the kings and then attempted to establish despotic power for themselves. In most cases this was unsuccessful and the tyrants were themselves overthrown by the hoplites ushering the period of the Greek polis. In the period from about 600 BCE to about 300 BCE Greece was divided into several (again often warring) city-states, called polis. The form of government in each polis varied, with some limited democracies (Athens), some oligarchies (Sparta), and some remaining monarchies. 1. What caused the period of the Greek polis? What different types (with examples) of governments did they have? 2. Of the Greek polis, Athens and Sparta were the most powerful and influential Political reforms instituted by Solon in 594 BCE and Pericles from 461 to 429 BCE brought Athens its closest to a true democracy. However, at best, only 10% to 15% of the population of Athens was ever allowed to participate in government. Women, the foreign born, and slaves (about 30% of the population) were always barred from participation. 2. Why were Athens and Sparta not a true democracy? 3. In c.725 BCE Sparta conquered the neighboring region of Messenia and forced the population into slavery. This population, called Helots revolted in about 650 BCE. This revolt led to a series of reforms that basically turned Sparta into a military state in which all males were expected to spend the majority of their life in military service. Population growth and limited arable land led many of the Greek Polis to establish colonies around the Mediterranean. This spread Greek culture and political traditions to neighboring people, including the Romans and brought conflict with neighboring empires like the Persians. Greek World in 338 BCE Greece succumb to invasion by their neighbor's to the north, Macedonia. While in many ways the Macedonians had a culture unique from the Greeks they envied Greek achievements and thus fancied themselves a part of Greek culture. In 334 BCE Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king, led a combined Greek and Macedonian army to conquer the Persians ushering a brief period empire heavily influenced by Greek culture known as the Hellenistic Age 3. What conditions led to the spread of Greek culture? 4. Like the early Greeks, the Romans transitioned from a kingdom to a limited representative government to an empire. From about 753 to 507 BCE tradition holds that Rome was ruled by a series of seven kings, the last was a tyrant and thus overthrown by the wealthy landowning class. This event ushered in the period of the Roman Republic (507 BCE to about 88 BCE). 4. How was Roman government similar to the Greeks? 5. Rome enjoyed a much more hospitable homeland than the Greeks with long growing seasons, fertile soil, vast forest, and rich iron deposits. These advantages helo exolain how they came to surpass the Greeks in some areas of cultural and political development. 5. , What geographical factors helped the Romans surpass the Greeks? 6. The Roman Republic was made up of two basic social classes, the wealthy patricians and plebeians who constituted a class of laborers and owners of small farms. In the early republic the patrician class maintained almost complete governmental power through its control over the main branches of government: the Senate, assemblies and elected consuls. While plebeians held the right to vote in assemblies their votes counted less than those of patricians. Over time, discontent and rebellion among the plebeians forced reforms that granted them greater but never equal governmental power. This republican government proved highly effective and Rome expanded to control all of the Italian peninsula (290 BCE). 6. Who were the patricians and plebians? Who held the most power? Explain.