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Drawing Reaction Mechanism Arrows

Drawing Reaction Mechanism Arrows

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Drawing Reaction Mechanism Arrows

**REACTION #2 (3 Elementary Steps):** **Step 1** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - Phenol group \(( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} )\) - Acetyl group with oxygen \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_6\text{O}_3 )\) - **Products:** - A complex with a phenol group attached to an acetyl group and a positive charge - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) **Step 2** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - The complex from Step 1 with the positive charge - **Products:** - Acetophenone \(( \text{C}_8\text{H}_8\text{O}^+) \) - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) **Step 3** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - Acetophenone from Step 2 - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) - **Products:** - The final compound from Step 3 - Water \(( \text{H}_2\text{O} )\) **Explanation of Diagrams:** 1. **Molecular Structures:** Each step shows molecular structures with bonds and charges clearly indicated. Electron pairs are marked as dots around the atoms. 2. **Arrows:** Each reaction step is indicated by an arrow pointing from reactants to products, indicating the direction of the reaction. This reaction sequence shows a transformation through three elementary steps involving a phenolic group and acetyl groups, highlighting the formation and breakdown of complex intermediates.
Transcribed Image Text:**REACTION #2 (3 Elementary Steps):** **Step 1** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - Phenol group \(( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} )\) - Acetyl group with oxygen \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_6\text{O}_3 )\) - **Products:** - A complex with a phenol group attached to an acetyl group and a positive charge - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) **Step 2** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - The complex from Step 1 with the positive charge - **Products:** - Acetophenone \(( \text{C}_8\text{H}_8\text{O}^+) \) - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) **Step 3** *Name of Elementary Step: __________* - **Reactants:** - Acetophenone from Step 2 - Acetate ion \(( \text{C}_4\text{H}_5\text{O}_3^- )\) - **Products:** - The final compound from Step 3 - Water \(( \text{H}_2\text{O} )\) **Explanation of Diagrams:** 1. **Molecular Structures:** Each step shows molecular structures with bonds and charges clearly indicated. Electron pairs are marked as dots around the atoms. 2. **Arrows:** Each reaction step is indicated by an arrow pointing from reactants to products, indicating the direction of the reaction. This reaction sequence shows a transformation through three elementary steps involving a phenolic group and acetyl groups, highlighting the formation and breakdown of complex intermediates.
**5. Drawing Reaction Mechanism Arrows** - For the reactions that have TWO starting materials, indicate and label which species is the nucleophile and which is the electrophile. *(HINT: Look at the reactants and look at the products to see where bonds form and where bonds break! Using your pKₐ table and bond polarity predictions will help!).* - Then, draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons for Bond Forming and Bond Breaking in each of the reaction steps. - Finally, identify and label what type of elementary step is represented for each mechanism.
Transcribed Image Text:**5. Drawing Reaction Mechanism Arrows** - For the reactions that have TWO starting materials, indicate and label which species is the nucleophile and which is the electrophile. *(HINT: Look at the reactants and look at the products to see where bonds form and where bonds break! Using your pKₐ table and bond polarity predictions will help!).* - Then, draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons for Bond Forming and Bond Breaking in each of the reaction steps. - Finally, identify and label what type of elementary step is represented for each mechanism.
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