Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
Transcribed Image Text:Dogs
T
G
A
F
C
M
Murgia et al., 2006 Cell
E
100
H
HC
·Α
F
ABIG
ED
L
M
B
Tumors
Observe this phylogeny of DNA derived of normal cells of eleven dogs (circles
around tip names), and DNA derived from tumor cells of those same eleven dogs (no
circles around tip names). Dog individuals are named A to M, and both the normal
cell samples and the tumor cell samples carry the letter-names corresponding to the
dog individual they were sampled from. What can we conclude from this
phylogenetic tree?
D
The evolutionary distance among tumor cells of different dog individuals is
greater than the evolutionary distance among normal cells of different dog
individuals.
The tumors are derived from an infectious dog cell: The tumor cells of each dog
are not the descendants of normal cells of the corresponding individual dogs.
Rather, the tumor cells of different dogs all share a common ancestor.
As in all forms of tumorous cancer, the tumor cells of each dog are evolutionary
descendants of normal cells of the corresponding individual dog bodies.
The tumor cells are the product of parallel evolution across different dog
individuals.
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