Discworld has radius R and mass M; the incompetent wizard Rincewind has mass m and levitates at height h directly above the center of the disc. The gravitational force exerted by Discworld on the wizard is given by 2GMmh (1 F = 1 - R2 h (R² + h²)!/2 Assume h < R and think of F as a function of h, with the other quantities constant. (a) Expand F as a series in h/R. Give at least three nonzero terms. (b) Use your answer to part (a) to write a partial sum for the work required to move the wizard from h = 0.02R to h = 0.05R. Give at least three nonzero terms.
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- In 2014, the Rosetta space probe reached the comet Churyumov– Gerasimenko. Although the comet’s core is actually far from spherical, in this problem we’ll model it as a sphere with a mass of 1.0 x 1013 kg and a radius of 1.6 km. If a rock were dropped from a height of 1.0 m above the comet’s surface, how long would it take to hit the surface?A planet has a radius of 4.00 x 10^6 m, and rotates so rapidly that an object on the equator feels only 10% of the weight that it feels at the poles. What is the speed of an object at the equator?Three point particles are fixed in position in an xy plane. Two of them, particle A of mass 6 g and particle B of mass 11 g, are shown in the figure with a separation of dAB = 0.555 m at angle = 30°. Particle C, with mass 7 g, is not shown. The net gravitational force acting on particle A due to particles B and C is 2.31 x 10- N at an angle of -163.8°. from the positive x axis. What are (a) the x coordinate and (b) the y coordinate of particle C? 14 B (a) Number: dAB 0 i (b) Number: i A Units: Units: < <
- Two masses m, = 100 kg and m, = 8100 kg are held 1 m apart. (a) At what point on the line joining them is the gravitational field equal to zero? Find the gravi- tational potential at that point. (b) Find the gravitational potential energy of the system. Given G = 6.67 × 10-" Nm? kg.A comet is in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Its closest approach to the Sun is a distance of 4.9 x 1010 m (inside the orbit of Mercury), at which point its speed is 9.3 × 104 m/s. Its farthest distance from the Sun is far beyond the orbit of Pluto. What is its speed when it is 6 x 10¹2 m from the Sun? (This is the approximate distance of Pluto from the Sun.) speed= i ! m/sZero, a hypothetical planet, has a mass of 4.5 x 1023 kg, a radius of 3.2 x 106 m, and no atmosphere. A 10 kg space probe is to be launched vertically from its surface. (a) If the probe is launched with an initial kinetic energy of 5.0 x 107 J, what will be its kinetic energy when it is 4.0 x 106 m from the center of Zero? (b) If the probe is to achieve a maximum distance of 8.0 x 106 m from the center of Zero, with what initial kinetic energy must it be launched from the surface of Zero?
- Consider the observation that the acceleration due to the gravitational force acting on a mass around a host planet decreases with the square of the separation between the objects. We can ask ourselves: why is it still accurate to consider a gravitational acceleration value of 9.8\frac{m}{s^2}9.8s2m for all of our projectile motion problems and all of our gravitational potential energy from prior modules? Let's analyze a situation and justify this analysis method: consider an object being launched from ground level to an altitude of 10,000 meters, roughly the cruising altitude of most jet liners, and far above our everyday experiences on Earth's surface. Compare the gravitational acceleration of the object at Earth's surface (the radius of Earth is about r_E=6.37\times10^6mrE=6.37×106m) to the acceleration value at the 10,000 meter altitude by determining the following ratio: g10,000m/gsurfaceThree point particles are fixed in position in an xy plane. Two of them, particle A of mass 5 g and particle B of mass 11 g, are shown in the figure with a separation of dAB = 0.579 m at angle = 30°. Particle C, with mass 8 g, is not shown. The net gravitational force acting on particle A due to particles B and C is 2.02 x 10-¹4 N at an angle of -163.8��. from the positive x axis. What are (a) the x coordinate and (b) the y coordinate of particle C? B dAB 0 AZero, a hypothetical planet, has a mass of 4.7 x 1023 kg, a radius of 3.2 x 106 m, and no atmosphere. A 10 kg space probe is to be launched vertically from its surface. (a) If the probe is launched with an initial kinetic energy of 5.0 x 107 J, what will be its kinetic energy when it is 4.0 x 106 m from the center of Zero? (b) If the probe is to achieve a maximum distance of 8.0 x 106 m from the center of Zero, with what initial kinetic energy must it be launched from the surface of Zero? (a) Number: i Units: (b) Number: i Units:
- A mass mm is suspended from a massless spring of natural length 90 cm with the spring constant k=10 Nm-1 and causes the spring to extend by 8.6 cm. Assuming the gravitational field strength g=9.8g, calculate the value of the mass on the spring.A skier starts from rest and slides down a slope of length L = 1080 m and angle a = 12° relative to the ground which is latitude line of λ = 57° relative to the equator. W X 2 N X L Z α Find the deflection (in meters, including sign) of the skier when it reaches the bottom of the track due to Coriolis force. Note: 1. Assume that the gravitational force is directed into the center of the Earth and it includes the centrifugal force. 2. Think about the trajectory of the skier without the effect of Coriolis force, and from there find the effect of Coriolis on the acceleration. The acceleration is time dependent and from there you can find the deflection. 3. The deflection is very small, so be very accurate with your calculation. Use g = 9.8 m/s².Consider two particles: p at the origin (0,0,0) = R³ with mass M > 0, and q at the point/position vector 7 = (x, y, z) = R³ with mass m > 0. Let G be the universal gravitational constant. (We will assume the MKS system of units.) The force F = F (7) felt by the particle q due to its gravitational interaction with particle p is: GMm 7(7)= == 7, for all 7 = (x, y, z) € R³\{0} . 17 Also consider the function ƒ : R³\{♂} → R given by GMm f(x, y, z) := TT , for all 7 = (x, y, z) € R³\{0} . Fix an arbitrary point/position vector = (x, y, z) in R³\{♂}. 2, calculate the (3) Calculat cade of the vector (4) Calculate the direction of the vector ₹(7). (5) Assume that is the total force on the particle q. Calculate the instantaneous acceleration, d, of the particle q when it is at the point 7 = (x, y, z).