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Discuss the impact of COVID-19 in the Philippines
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- It is discovered that production of painclear damages groundwater quality – this affects just one party: Greenview Nature Park (a park run by the local council which people can access, for free, for recreation). The value of the damage caused is £48 per litre of paint produced – so the pollution damage caused when output is 1 litre=£48, the 2 nd litre causes another £48 of damage, so pollution damage caused when output is 2 litres=£96. This damage happens and is the same whenever XY produces, whatever the level of output (same if it produces 1 litre of or 1 000 000 litres of painclear - each additional litre imposes an additional £48 of pollution costs). The drug has no side effects on consumers. (the clarifying information in red was added on 21/12/23) 1.Create and explain a new diagram which shows relevant costs, price and levels of output if XY produced the optimal quantity of painclear from a societal perspective. 2. Assume XY and Greenview can negotiate. Create and explain 2 new…The government would like to introduce a subsidy to help citizens who need their car for work and cannot afford to buy a ULEZ-compliant car. It also wants to ensure that only citizens who need to drive their car regularly use the subsidy. Instead of the two groups of citizens discussed above, we focus on one particular citizen who does not drive very often, only once a year. As a result, this citizen does not emit excessive pollution even with a car that is not ULEZ-compliant. The government would therefore prefer citizens like her not to buy a new car to avoid having to pay the subsidy unnecessarily. Once a year, the citizen derives a benefit of driving through the ULEZ area of B = 20. She can choose to either buy a new ULEZ-compliant car at a cost of C = 10, 000, denoted x = new, or stick with her old car at no cost, denoted x = old. 5 If she sticks with her old car, she has to pay a ULEZ fee of τ = 12.50 on the day that she drives. Her net benefit of driving on that day is…Though relationships between income and environmental quality are not inevitable, there are some general trends that have been revealed. Studies show that as a country's per capita income rises a) exposure to CO2 emissions decrease. b) exposure to particulate solids wastes decrease. ) exposure to particulates and sulfur dioxide (SO2) first decrease and then increase. O d) to safe water and adequate sanitation rise. access
- The government would like to introduce a subsidy to help citizens who need their car for work and cannot afford to buy a ULEZ-compliant car. It also wants to ensure that only citizens who need to drive their car regularly use the subsidy. Instead of the two groups of citizens discussed above, we focus on one particular citizen who does not drive very often, only once a year. As a result, this citizen does not emit excessive pollution even with a car that is not ULEZ-compliant. The government would therefore prefer citizens like her not to buy a new car to avoid having to pay the subsidy unnecessarily. Once a year, the citizen derives a benefit of driving through the ULEZ area of B = 20. She can choose to either buy a new ULEZ-compliant car at a cost of C = 10, 000, denoted x = new, or stick with her old car at no cost, denoted x = old.If she sticks with her old car, she has to pay a ULEZ fee of t = 12.50 on the day that she drives. Her net benefit of driving on that day is therefore…With the population aging and patients who dread sitting in a sterile dental office, dentists are finding an opportunity in dental house calls. The Blende Dental Group has taken its service on the road in San Francisco and New York City, performing everything from routine exams and cleanings to root canals. Some patients are wealthy and prefer the personal service, whereas others are elderly homebounds who cannot get out to the dentist’s office. Recreating a dental office in a home requires additional equipment, such as a portable X-ray machine that looks like a ray gun, sterile water tanks, a dental drill, lights, and a laptop. A portable X-ray machine alone costs $8,000. Refer to Appendix 2: Marketing by the Numbers to answer the following questions. What types of fixed costs are associated with this service? Estimate total fixed costs for this additional service, and assuming a contribution margin of 40 percent, determine the amount of sales necessary to break even on this…Piracy, the unauthorized use of IPR, is a critical issue in the entertainment industry. Several file-sharing services—USENET, BitTorrent, and Limewire—enable users to download movies, TV programs, and music virtually for free. A predominant way in which firms have taken action against file-sharing is through Digital Rights Management (DRM), which includes several technologies that curb the usage of digital content. DRM has been the object of severe criticism, targeted for everything from harming legitimate users to preventing viral marketing and presenting a powerful obstacle to free trade. What is worse is that most DRM systems have been cracked quite easily. Considering both the ease of piracy and the relative failure of preventive measures, how should media firms safeguard their IPR and secure their profitability? Should they seek other IPR technologies? Should they aggressively seek and bring offenders to trial? Or are there ways in which firms can make profit while allowing open…
- The government would like to introduce a subsidy to help citizens who need their car for work and cannot afford to buy a ULEZ-compliant car. It also wants to ensure that only citizens who need to drive their car regularly use the subsidy. Instead of the two groups of citizens discussed above, we focus on one particular citizen who does not drive very often, only once a year. As a result, this citizen does not emit excessive pollution even with a car that is not ULEZ-compliant. The government would therefore prefer citizens like her not to buy a new car to avoid having to pay the subsidy unnecessarily. Once a year, the citizen derives a benefit of driving through the ULEZ area of B = 20. She can choose to either buy a new ULEZ-compliant car at a cost of C = 10, 000, denoted x = new, or stick with her old car at no cost, denoted x = old.If she sticks with her old car, she has to pay a ULEZ fee of τ = 12.50 on the day that she drives. Her net benefit of driving on that day is therefore…Over the past 40 years in the United States, the number of vehicles on the road has A) decreased but the number of vehicle miles has increased, and the pollution per car has increased. B) decreased, the number of vehicle miles has decreased, and the pollution per car has decreased. C) increased, the number of vehicle miles has increased, but the pollution per car has decreased D) increased, the number of vehicle miles has increased, and the pollution per car has increased.The COVID-19 pandemic has increased sales at large grocery stores. How can store managers influence customer perceptions of service quality in a post-pandemic economy?
- If Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) powers vehicles and is an almost pollution-free fuel. If factory equipped, vehicles can switch between using either CNG or ordinary gasoline. It costs under $4000 extra to buy such a factory-equipped auto. However, the auto industry makes little effort to promote the use of CNG. Instead, the auto industry is rushing to introduce battery-powered autos that use expensive, heavy and dangerous Lithium Ion batteries. Suppose the government sufficiently subsidized the installation of CNG pumps at public service stations. QUESION: Would the effect on demand for CNG powered autos INCREASE OR DECREASE?Consider the market for trees in a public park. These trees are a public good that give benefits to multiple groups of people, as described below. Each Marginal Willingness to Pay curve represents the aggregation of all the individuals in that group, and those groups make decisions collectively. Additionally, the cost of planting trees is given. Consider Q to be the number of trees in the park. Note that no one is ever worse off from additional trees. Arborists: MWTP = 2000 – 5Q Total WTP = 2000Q - 2.5Q2 Environmentalists: MWTP = 1500 – 10Q Total WTP = 1500Q – 5Q2 Casual Park Visitors: MWTP = 800 – 10Q Total WTP = 800Q – 5Q2 Park Haters: MWTP = 500 – 50Q Total WTP = 500Q – 25Q2 MC = 1400 Total Cost = 1400Q (a) If the government does not intervene into the market, how many trees will be planted? (b) What is the socially…A common resource is both excludable, non-rival excludable, rival Onon-excludable, non-rival non-excludable, rival and
