Discuss the following observations and observations by the time of Galileo mostly by Galileo himself. (1) Lunar craters (2) Sun spots (WARNING: observed by projecting the image onto a screen!) (3) Changing shape of Saturn

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
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Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
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Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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Discuss the following observations and observations by the time of Galileo mostly by Galileo
himself.
(1) Lunar craters
(2) Sun spots (WARNING: observed by projecting the image onto a screen!)
(3) Changing shape of Saturn
(4) Phases of Venus undergoing full cycle like the Moon
(5) Moons of Jupiter
Discuss associating the observations to the conclusions against the prevailing Aristotelian physics
and the two-domains view of the Universe.
(1) Lunar craters, the Sun spots and the changing shape of Saturn – celestial objects are not
perfect (not necessarily crystalline perfect sphere)
(2) Moons of Jupiter – Not all celestial object necessarily orbits the Earth (or the Sun). Here, the
"stars" even orbit Jupiter, a planet.
258
(3) The phases of Venus being able to undergo the full cycle like the Moon goes in direct
opposition to the expectations based on the Ptolemaic system.
Transcribed Image Text:Discuss the following observations and observations by the time of Galileo mostly by Galileo himself. (1) Lunar craters (2) Sun spots (WARNING: observed by projecting the image onto a screen!) (3) Changing shape of Saturn (4) Phases of Venus undergoing full cycle like the Moon (5) Moons of Jupiter Discuss associating the observations to the conclusions against the prevailing Aristotelian physics and the two-domains view of the Universe. (1) Lunar craters, the Sun spots and the changing shape of Saturn – celestial objects are not perfect (not necessarily crystalline perfect sphere) (2) Moons of Jupiter – Not all celestial object necessarily orbits the Earth (or the Sun). Here, the "stars" even orbit Jupiter, a planet. 258 (3) The phases of Venus being able to undergo the full cycle like the Moon goes in direct opposition to the expectations based on the Ptolemaic system.
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