Discuss the biochemical effects of acute vs. chronic ethanol intoxication and show the significant differences between these two states on patient management. ii. Explain how consumption of ethanol can lead to hyperuricaemia and gout in high-risk patients
Discuss the biochemical effects of acute vs. chronic ethanol intoxication and show the
significant differences between these two states on patient management.
ii. Explain how consumption of ethanol can lead to hyperuricaemia and gout in high-risk patients
Alcohol intoxication refers to negative abnormal behavior and physical impact on a person after consuming alcohol. It is also called alcohol poisoning or drunkenness. Low doses of alcohol cause poor coordination and mild sedation. In the case of higher doses, difficulty in walking, vomiting, and slurred speech is seen in the person. Further, extreme doses lead to complications in respiration, coma, or even death.
Biochemical effects of acute and chronic ethanol intoxication are as follows:
|
Acute ethanol intoxication. |
Chronic ethanol intoxication. |
|
Glucose metabolism is decreased significantly in the brain. |
Chronic ethanol toxicity affects glucose metabolism based on nutritional status as a condition of protein sufficiency or deficiency. |
|
Acute intoxication may hinder the acetate uptake and its metabolism. |
In chronic conditions, adaptation to the ethanol regarding acetate metabolism is rendered. |
|
It can lead to alcoholic hepatitis. |
In chronic conditions, alcoholic cirrhosis or liver failure may occur. |
Patient management:
|
Acute ethanol intoxication. |
Chronic ethanol intoxication. |
|
Providing enough food slows down alcohol absorption. |
Breathing problems are sorted by oxygen therapy or tracheal tube insertion in the windpipe. |
|
Prevention of the patient from other health issues that could worsen the condition. |
Intravenous fluids having glucose and vitamins that increase blood sugar and stop dehydration. |
|
Supportive care when the body craves alcohol. |
Detoxication by hemodialysis. |
|
Management of aggressive or violent actions of the patient. |
Management of aggressive or violent actions of the patient. |
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