Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Draw the structure of the major organic product of the following reaction. Predict whether the product will be an aldol or an enone
Transcribed Image Text:### Chemical Reaction Description:
**Reactant:**
- **Structure:** The reactant is a compound with a benzene ring (aromatic ring) attached to an aldehyde group. The structure features:
- A six-membered carbon ring with alternating double bonds (benzene).
- A two-carbon side chain attached to the benzene, with an aldehyde group (CHO) at the end.
**Reaction Conditions:**
- The reaction is carried out in the presence of **dilute KOH** (potassium hydroxide).
- The solvent used is **95% aqueous ethanol**.
- The temperature is maintained between **0-5°C**.
**Reaction Overview:**
This reaction indicates an aldol condensation process or a related transformation, where the presence of KOH suggests a base-catalyzed reaction. The specific reaction details or products are not shown, but typically, aldol reactions result in the formation of β-hydroxy aldehydes or ketones, which might further dehydrate to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
### Educational Insights:
- **Benzene Ring:** Common aromatic structure, stable due to resonance.
- **Aldehyde Group:** Reactive group, typically involved in nucleophilic addition reactions.
- **Dilute KOH:** Serves as a base to deprotonate and form carbanions for nucleophilic attacks.
- **Aqueous Ethanol Solvent:** Provides a medium where both organic and inorganic substances can interact.
- **Low Temperature (0-5°C):** Often used to control reaction kinetics and avoid unwanted side reactions.
Understanding the interplay of these components and conditions is crucial in synthetic organic chemistry, particularly in forming carbon-carbon bonds.
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