Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
DNA is a double-stranded molecule, with each strand composed of nucleotides. The two strands are complementary to each other, meaning that the bases on one strand pair with the corresponding bases on the other strand. During transcription, one of the DNA strands is used as a template to produce a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript. The mRNA transcript is then translated into proteins. The strand that is transcribed into mRNA is called the sense strand, or coding strand. The strand that is complementary to the sense strand is called the antisense strand, or template strand.
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