Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
a) Determine the number of moles that will react in each of the three trials. Please show sample calculations.
b) Determine the expected change in temperature.
![This table presents data from three trials involving the mixing of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions, with the measurement of temperature increase resulting from the reaction.
| Trial | Molarity of HCl | Molarity of NaOH | Volume of HCl | Volume of NaOH | Increase in Temperature (°C) |
|-------|----------------|-----------------|--------------|---------------|----------------------------|
| 1 | 1M | 2M | 200mL | 200mL | 6.59°C |
| 2 | 1M | 1M | 100mL | 200mL | 4.21°C |
| 3 | 2M | 1M | 100mL | 200mL | 4.27°C |
**Explanation of the Table:**
- **Trial:** The number of the experimental trial conducted.
- **Molarity of HCl:** Concentration of hydrochloric acid used in moles per liter (M).
- **Molarity of NaOH:** Concentration of sodium hydroxide used in moles per liter (M).
- **Volume of HCl:** Volume of hydrochloric acid used in milliliters (mL).
- **Volume of NaOH:** Volume of sodium hydroxide used in milliliters (mL).
- **Increase in Temperature:** The rise in temperature measured in degrees Celsius (°C) as a result of the exothermic reaction between HCl and NaOH.
This data can be useful in understanding the effects of varying concentrations and volumes on the heat produced by the acid-base neutralization reaction.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F85921574-93fe-435f-87fd-c0b036c84801%2F422e3c7f-af6f-41a6-a55f-c5e21a2c94b9%2F2yn3e_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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