Determine the lake evaporation for a month in which the average water temperature is 22.5 degree celsius and average wind speed at 10m is 14.5 kph at a relative humidity of 40 percent. Also determine the mean barometric reading in mmHg.
Determine the lake evaporation for a month in which the average water temperature is 22.5 degree celsius and average wind speed at 10m is 14.5 kph at a relative humidity of 40 percent. Also determine the mean barometric reading in mmHg.
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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HYDROLOGY
Determine the lake evaporation for a month in which the average water temperature is 22.5 degree celsius and average wind speed at 10m is 14.5 kph at a relative humidity of 40 percent. Also determine the mean barometric reading in mmHg.
Transcribed Image Text:11:25
< Notes
PENMAN'S EQUATION
. It is based on sound theoretical reasoning and is obtained by a
combination of the energy-balance and mass-transfer approach.
PET =
Where:
PET = daily potential evapotranspiration in mm per day
A = slope of the saturation vapour pressure vs temperature curve at the
mean air temperature, mmHg per °C (see Saturation Vapour Pressure of
Water Table)
H₂ = net radiation in mm of evaporable water per day
Ea parameter including wind velocity and saturation deficit
y = psychometric constant = 0.49 mmHg / °C
AH₂ + EaY
A+Y
PENMAN'S EQUATION
The net radiation is the same as used in the energy budget (Eq. (3.8)) and is estimated
by the following equation:
Hn Ha (1-r) + b²/1). -OT (0.56 -0.092√e) (0.10+ 0.90
9011)
In which:
Where:
Ha = incident solar radiation outside the atmosphere on a horizontal surface, expressed
in mm of evaporable water per day (it is a function of the latitude and period of the
year as indicated in Table 3.4)
a = a constant depending upon the latitude and is given by a = 0.29 cos Ø
b = a constant with an average value of 0.52
n = actual duration of bright sunshine in hours
e
N = maximum possible hours of bright sunshine (it is a function of latitude as indicated in
Table 3.5)
The parameter E is estimated as
Ea = 0.35 (1+12) (ew - ea)
U₂ = mean wind speed at 2 m above the ground in km/day
ew = saturation vapour pressure at mean air temperature in mmHg
ea = actual vapour pressure
O
64
A
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