Determine the hybridization for the highlighted atom (highlighted in red). H₂C=C=0 (Choose one) 2 S sp ك Part 2 sp d sp 3 2 Determine the nypuization for the highlighted atom (highlighted in red). H I CH3 (Choose one) ☑ 5

Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions. (a) Na,2+ (b) Mg,2 (c) AI,2 (d) Si,2 (e) p2+ (f) s,2 (g) F,2 (h) Ar,2 40. Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions. (a) Na22+ (b) Mg22+ (c) Al22+ (d) Si22+ (e) P22+ (f) S22+ (g) F22+ (h) Ar22+

Explain why an electron in the bonding molecular orbital in the H2 molecule has a lower energy than an electron in the 1s atomic orbital of either of the separated hydrogen atoms.

In each of the following molecules, a central atom is surrounded by a total of three atoms or unshared electron pairs: SnCl2, BCl3, SO2. In which of these molecules would you expect the bond angle to be less than 120? Explain your reasoning.

Minoxidil (C9H15N15O) is a compound produced by the Pharmacia Upjohn Company that has been approved as a treatment for some types of male pattern baldness. Note that in such shorthand ring structures, each point where lines meet is a carbon atom and that the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms in the rings have been omitted. There will be four bonds to each carbon atom. a. Give the hybridization of the five nitrogen atoms in minoxidil. b. Give the hybridization of each of the nine carbon atoms in minoxidil. c. Give the approximate values for the bond angles marked a, b, c, d, e, and f. d. Including all the hydrogen atoms, how many bonds exist in minoxidil? e. How many bonds exist in minoxidil?

Consider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi bonds are there in aspirin? (b) What are the approximate values of the angles marked (in blue) A, B, and C? (c) What is the hybridization of each atom marked (in red) 1, 2, and 3?

The ions ClF2 and ClF2+ have both been observed. Use the VSEPR model to predict the FClF bond angle in each.

Phosphoserine is a less-common amino acid. (a) Identify the hybridizations of atoms I through 5. (b) What are the approximate values of the bond angles A, B. C, and D? (c) What are the most polar bonds in the molecule?

Explain in terms of bonding theory why all four hydrogen atoms of allene, H2CCCH2, cannot lie in the same plane.

Answer the questions below about the highlighted atom in this Lewis H-0―C= | C-H H- - C=0 | H In how many sigma bonds does the highlighted atom participate? In how many pi bonds does the highlighted atom participate? What is the orbital hybridization of the highlighted atom? П □ 0