Determine the genotypes of the parental and F1 generations, as much as possible, an show the relevant Punnett square for each cross. Which color seed is dominant and do you know? Parental genotypes F1 phenotypes 250 yellow Parents F1 genotypes a. Yellow x Yellow b. White x White 250 white c. Yellow x Yellow 185 yellow, 65 white 250 yellow d. Yellow x White e. Yellow x White 128 yellow, 125 white f. Yellow x Yellow 6 yellow g. White x White 4 white
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- 1. Complete the Punnett square for a cross between a homozygous red-flowered snapdragon (RR) and a homozygous white-flowered snapdragon (WW). Give the ratio for the phenotype and the genotype. Key F1 Genotypic Ratio: RR – red Phenotypic Ratio: wW- white RW- pink 2. Complete the Punnett Square for a cross between two Fi plants (WW). Give the phenotypic ratio for the F2 generation. F2 Phenotypic ratio: 3. Cite some possible applications of genetics to plant breeding.1. Use the following information to answer the question: Parental cross is RrYy x RrYy Seed Shapes are R-round, r-wrinkled Seed colors are Y-yellow, y-green Based on the information given, what is the phenotype ratio of the offspring of this cross? 2. A pea plant heterozygous for height and seed color (TtYy) is crossed with a pea plant heterozygous for height but homozygous recessive for seed color (Ttyy). If 80 offspring are produced, how many are expected to be tall and have yellow seeds? 3. What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? How does this theory explain Mendel's results? 4. A cross between two organisms heterozygous for two different genes (AaBb) results in a 9:3:3:1 phenotype ratio among the offspring. Is the offspring's genotype ratio the same? Explain your answer.…1. You are given a female F1 of unknown genotype. You cross the female fly to a homozygous male that has forked bristles and malformed eyes. The offspring of the cross is shown below: (Define symbols for your traits) Phenotype Forked bristles, normal eyes 752 Number Genotype Forked bristles, malformed 56 eyes Malformed eyes, normal bristles Normal eyes, normal bristles 820 64 a. What are the genotypes of the offspring? b. Based on the progeny, what were the genotypes of the F1 parents? What is the distance between for and mal?
- A white-flowered plant is crossed with a pink-flowered plant. All of the F1 offspring from the cross are white. 4. Which phenotype is dominant? 5. What are the genotypes of the original parent plants? 6. What is the genotype of all the F1 offspring? 7. What would be the percentages of genotypes & phenotypes if one of the white F1 plants is crossed with a pink-flowered plant? 8. Which of Mendel's Laws is/are illustrated in this question? 9. Which cross would produce phenotypic ratios that would illustrate the Law of Dominance? C. Tt x Tt A. TT x tt B. TT x Tt D. tt x tt 10. Mendel formulated his Law of Segregation after he had: C. produced mutations D. produced hybrids A. studied F1 offspring B. studied F2 offspring6. The following F2 phenotypic data was obtained from a testcross using an F1 offspring. Assume red and tall are dominant wildtype phenotypes, and white and short are mutant phenotypes. Red, short 578 Red, tall 54 White, tall 603 White, short 48 What is the genotype of the F1 offspring used in the cross? Question 6 options: WS/ws Ws/wS WwSs It is not possible to determine from the data set4. What are the possible phenotypes and genotypes of the F1 generation if the P generation consisted of the following cross: a plant that is homozygous dominant for flower color and homozygous dominant for pod color was crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for flower color and homozygous dominant for pod color? Dominant for flower color – P (purple) Recessive for flower color = p (white) Dominant for pod color =G (green) Recessive for pod color = g (yellow) %3D P1: PP X GG Рр X GG PG PG PG PG PG PPGG PPGG PPGG PPGG PG PPGG PPGG PPGG PPGG PPGG PPGG Pp pG PPGG PpGG PPGG PpGG Genotypes: Phenotypes: Genotypic Ratio: Phenotypic 田
- 1. P is a dominant allele for purple flowers and p is the recessive allele that causes white flowers. The following cross is performed: Pp x pp. What percentage of offspring would you expect to have white flowers? 2. In peas, T (tall) is dominant to t (dwarf). A homozygous dominant plant is crossed to a heterozygous plant. What is the expected outcome for the genotype ratio of offspring from this cross? What percentage of offspring would you expect to be tall? 3. In peas, Y (yellow seeds) is dominant to y (green seeds) and R (round seeds) is dominant to r (wrinkled seeds). The following cross is performed: YYRr x yyrr. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring?2. Three different pure-breeding strains of corn that produce ears with white kernels were crossed to eachother. In each case, the F1 plants were all red, whileboth red and white kernels were observed in the F2generation in a 9:7 ratio. These results are summarized in the following table.F1 F2white-1 × white-2 red 9 red : 7 whitewhite-1 × white-3 red 9 red : 7 whitewhite-2 × white-3 red 9 red : 7 whitea. How many genes are involved in determiningkernel color in these three strains?b. Define your symbols and show the genotypes for thepure-breeding strains white-1, white-2, and white-3.c. Diagram the cross between white-1 and white-2,showing the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1and F2 progeny. Explain the observed 9:7 ratio.a. 1 dominant allele will contribute 120/10 = 12 cm to the base height of the plant.b. The height of the parent plant 1 Genotype of the parent plant 1 – D1D1D2D2D3D3d4d4d5d5 The height of the parent plant 2 Genotype of the parent plant 2 – d1d1d2d2d3d3D4D4D5D5Contributing alleles – D4D4D5D5. The height of the plant without any contributing alleles would be 80 cm. The plant with genotype d1d1d2d2d3d3D4D4D5D5 has 4 contributing allele each of which contributes 12 cm to the base. Hence, the height of the plant with genotype d1d1d2d2d3d3D4D4D5D5 would be 80 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 = 128 cm. c. Parents – D1D1D2D2D3D3d4d4d5d5 × d1d1d2d2d3d3D4D4D5D5 Gametes – D1D2D3d4d5 × d1d2d3D4D5 F1 generation – D1d1D2d2D3d3D4d4D5d5 The height of the plants of F1 generation = 80 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 = 140 cm Hence, Genotype of the F1 = D1d1D2d2D3d3D4d4D5d5 Phenotype of…
- 4 *The normal color of snapdragons is red. Some pure lines showing variation in flower color have been found. Analyze the following crosses and do the following:² c. Explain the inheritance of these colors (include number of genes, alleles and dominance relationships). d. Determine the genotypes of the parents and the F1 of each cross. e. Propose a biochemical pathway for flower color production in snapdragons. F₂ Parents 1. orange x yellow 2. red x orange 3. red x yellow 4. red x white F₁ orange red red red red 5. yellow x white 9 red: 3 yellow: 4 white 6. orange x white 9 red: 3 orange: 4 white 7. red x white 9 red: 3 yellow: 4 white Hint: Come up with a possible pathway first, it helps to organize your thoughts. red 3 orange: 1 yellow 3 red: 1 orange 3 red: 1 yellow 3 red: 1 white red1. Alleles of the gene that determines seed coat patternsin lentils can be organized in a dominance series:marbled > spotted = dotted (codominant alleles) >clear. A lentil plant homozygous for the marbled seedcoat pattern allele was crossed to one homozygous forthe spotted pattern allele. In another cross, a homozygous dotted lentil plant was crossed to one homozygous for clear. An F1 plant from the first cross wasthen mated to an F1 plant from the second cross.a. What phenotypes in what proportions are expectedfrom this mating between the two F1 types?b. What are the expected phenotypes of the F1 plantsfrom the two original parental crosses?9. Make a pedigree for each of the following situations. For each individual, write the individual's genotype (when possible) next to the individual's symbol (e.g. O xty, I Gg): a. Two parents do not have cystic fibrosis and they have a daughter with cystic fibrosis and a son who does not have cystic fibrosis. The daughter grows up and she mates with a male who does not have cystic fibrosis. Their only child is a boy and he has cystic fibrosis. b. A man with hemophilia mates with a female without hemophilia. They have one son and one daughter. The daughter has hemophilia and the son does not have hemophilia. The son grows up, and he marries and mates with a female. Their only child is a boy, and he has hemophilia.