Determine the equivalence point of sudsy ammonia/citric acid reaction by graphing the titration data (pH vs volume citric acid) from Table 1: No Indicator Data Table. Draw a green arrow (use ‘Insert Shape’ feature to do this once you have copied your graph from Excel) on your graph indicating the data point that represents your equivalence point. Use a graphing software to create the x-y scatter plot showing the pH of the experimental solution as a function of the volume of citric acid (the titrant) added for the titration in Part 4. On your graph, the x-axis should be the volume of citric acid added (mL), and the y-axis should be the pH of the experimental solution at that volume. Do NOT connect your points; no trend line needed and make sure to: · Label the axes including the units in parentheses. · Include a figure legend (text below the graph) explaining the data in your graph that includes the arrow pointing to the equivalence point. · Remove any default title, legend, and gridlines.
Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
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