Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Describe the role of GAP and GEF in activating GT passes?
GAP:
GTPase-activating proteins, also known as GTPase-accelerating proteins (GAPs), are a group of regulatory proteins that can bind to activated G proteins and accelerate their GTPase activity, effectively stopping the signalling event. GAPs are also known as RGS proteins, and they play an important role in regulating the activity of G proteins.
GEF:
GEFs (guanosine nucleotide exchange factors) are proteins or protein domains that stimulate the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to facilitate the binding of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to monomeric GTPases.
GTPase:
GTPases are a wide family of hydrolase enzymes that attach to and hydrolyze the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate to form guanosine diphosphate. The highly conserved P-loop "G domain," a protein domain common to numerous GTPases, is where GTP is bound and hydrolyzed.
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