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Describe the relationship between existing medicinal plant knowledge and Indigenous languages.  What do we stand to loose when a native language becomes extinct?   Describe some of the projects and iniciatives that seek to preserve, revitalize and promote native languages and what can you do?

Describe the relationship between existing medicinal plant knowledge and Indigenous languages.  What do we stand to loose when a native language becomes extinct?   Describe some of the projects and iniciatives that seek to preserve, revitalize and promote native languages and what can you do?

Social Psychology (10th Edition)
Social Psychology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN:9780134641287
Author:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers
Publisher:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers
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Describe the relationship between existing medicinal plant knowledge and Indigenous languages.

 What do we stand to loose when a native language becomes extinct? 

 Describe some of the projects and iniciatives that seek to preserve, revitalize and promote native languages and what can you do?

1:04 <course Extinction of Indigenous languages le... A 5 Extinction of Indigeno... https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print + 9/30/21, 8:48 AM scientists led in 2019 showed that cultural and biological connections are inseparable - a concept further solidified by their new paper. "We can't ignore this network now and think only about the plants or only about the culture," says Bascompte, pointing to the tendency to minimize diversity. "We humans are very good at homogenizing culture and nature so that nature seems to be more or less the same everywhere." At the beginning of September during the third cycle of the Amazoniar Project organized by the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM), artist and educator Denilson Baniwa spoke about this homogenization from an Indigenous perspective: "If I speak Portuguese this well, it is because, in a certain manner, my people and other peoples in Brazil were forced to understand the technologies, knowledge and information of other, mostly non-Indigenous, peoples, in order to be able to survive." Education over extinction https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... "When we speak of preservation in Brazil, Indigenous schools hold an important role," says Luciana Sanchez Mendes, a linguist specialized in Indigenous tongues. "It is at Indigenous schools located in the villages that children will learn-both in Portuguese and also in the community's own language." An initiative to preserve the culture of the Karitiana people, the Pedagogical Lexicon of Karitiana Plants and Animals, was created during a study to be used as didactic material in bilingual education at the school on the Karitiana Indigenous Reserve in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. The project began with a list and description of plants and animals found on the reserve in the Karitiana language. The document's production involved elders, leaders, gatherers and teachers who recorded traditional knowledge on the Amazon biome. 9/30/21, 8:48 AM Meanwhile, in Bahia and northern Minas Gerais states, a group of researchers studied and revitalized the Pataxó tongue, which has been considered extinct for years. Together with Pataxó youth and teachers, they studied documents and carried out fieldwork, resulting in the Pataxó Culture and Language Research and Documentation Project. The recovered language, which is now being taught in a number of villages, is called Patxohã. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print RA 4/7 5/7 https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl...
Transcribed Image Text:1:04 <course Extinction of Indigenous languages le... A 5 Extinction of Indigeno... https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print + 9/30/21, 8:48 AM scientists led in 2019 showed that cultural and biological connections are inseparable - a concept further solidified by their new paper. "We can't ignore this network now and think only about the plants or only about the culture," says Bascompte, pointing to the tendency to minimize diversity. "We humans are very good at homogenizing culture and nature so that nature seems to be more or less the same everywhere." At the beginning of September during the third cycle of the Amazoniar Project organized by the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM), artist and educator Denilson Baniwa spoke about this homogenization from an Indigenous perspective: "If I speak Portuguese this well, it is because, in a certain manner, my people and other peoples in Brazil were forced to understand the technologies, knowledge and information of other, mostly non-Indigenous, peoples, in order to be able to survive." Education over extinction https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... "When we speak of preservation in Brazil, Indigenous schools hold an important role," says Luciana Sanchez Mendes, a linguist specialized in Indigenous tongues. "It is at Indigenous schools located in the villages that children will learn-both in Portuguese and also in the community's own language." An initiative to preserve the culture of the Karitiana people, the Pedagogical Lexicon of Karitiana Plants and Animals, was created during a study to be used as didactic material in bilingual education at the school on the Karitiana Indigenous Reserve in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. The project began with a list and description of plants and animals found on the reserve in the Karitiana language. The document's production involved elders, leaders, gatherers and teachers who recorded traditional knowledge on the Amazon biome. 9/30/21, 8:48 AM Meanwhile, in Bahia and northern Minas Gerais states, a group of researchers studied and revitalized the Pataxó tongue, which has been considered extinct for years. Together with Pataxó youth and teachers, they studied documents and carried out fieldwork, resulting in the Pataxó Culture and Language Research and Documentation Project. The recovered language, which is now being taught in a number of villages, is called Patxohã. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print RA 4/7 5/7 https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl...
1:04 <Course Extinction of Indigenous languages le... 9/30/21, 8:48 AM A 4 Number of languages Extinction of Indigeno... 30 https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... The Amazonian plants evaluated in the study were drawn from the book The Healing Forest: Medicinal and Toxic Plants of the Northwest Amazonia, written in 1990 by Richard E. Schultes, the North American author considered the father of ethnobotany. 73% B 10 8 6 4 2 91% C 10- 8 6 + 2- 84 % Medicinal services The dots on the maps indicate the distribution of languages that cite medicinal plants. The red bars show the percentage of medicinal knowledge restricted to just one language in North America (A), the northwestern Amazon (B) and New Guinea (C). Cultural loss is greater than the loss of biodiversity By analyzing the vulnerability of such medicinal species, the study found that the endangerment status of 64% and 69% of plants associated with endangered languages in North America and the northwestern Amazon respectively have not been evaluated by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Due to this lack of assessment, less than 4% and 1% of species, respectively, are currently classified as threatened. The researchers supplemented the limited data from IUCN conservation status reports with further predictions from a separate machine-learning study and concluded that "most medicinal plant species in our sample are not threatened"; however, they still note that "IUCN conservation assessments are still urgently needed for these plant species." While upholding this call for action, the study highlights that the loss of languages will likely have a greater impact on the extinction of medicinal knowledge than the loss of biodiversity. With regard to the maintenance of ecosystem services, cultural heritage is as important as the survival of the plants, as has been previously proven in scientific studies. But results from another study the same https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print 9/30/21, 8:48 AM scientists led in 2019 showed that cultural and biological connections are inseparable - a concept further solidified by their new paper. A "We can't ignore this network now and think only about the plants or only about the culture," says Bascompte, pointing to the tendency to minimize diversity. "We humans are very good at homogenizing culture and nature so that nature seems to be more or less the same everywhere." RA Y https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... At the beginning of September during the third cycle of the Amazoniar Project organized by the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM), artist and educator Denilson Baniwa spoke about this homogenization from an Indigenous perspective: "If I speak Portuguese this well, it is 4/7
Transcribed Image Text:1:04 <Course Extinction of Indigenous languages le... 9/30/21, 8:48 AM A 4 Number of languages Extinction of Indigeno... 30 https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... The Amazonian plants evaluated in the study were drawn from the book The Healing Forest: Medicinal and Toxic Plants of the Northwest Amazonia, written in 1990 by Richard E. Schultes, the North American author considered the father of ethnobotany. 73% B 10 8 6 4 2 91% C 10- 8 6 + 2- 84 % Medicinal services The dots on the maps indicate the distribution of languages that cite medicinal plants. The red bars show the percentage of medicinal knowledge restricted to just one language in North America (A), the northwestern Amazon (B) and New Guinea (C). Cultural loss is greater than the loss of biodiversity By analyzing the vulnerability of such medicinal species, the study found that the endangerment status of 64% and 69% of plants associated with endangered languages in North America and the northwestern Amazon respectively have not been evaluated by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Due to this lack of assessment, less than 4% and 1% of species, respectively, are currently classified as threatened. The researchers supplemented the limited data from IUCN conservation status reports with further predictions from a separate machine-learning study and concluded that "most medicinal plant species in our sample are not threatened"; however, they still note that "IUCN conservation assessments are still urgently needed for these plant species." While upholding this call for action, the study highlights that the loss of languages will likely have a greater impact on the extinction of medicinal knowledge than the loss of biodiversity. With regard to the maintenance of ecosystem services, cultural heritage is as important as the survival of the plants, as has been previously proven in scientific studies. But results from another study the same https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-plants/amp/?print 9/30/21, 8:48 AM scientists led in 2019 showed that cultural and biological connections are inseparable - a concept further solidified by their new paper. A "We can't ignore this network now and think only about the plants or only about the culture," says Bascompte, pointing to the tendency to minimize diversity. "We humans are very good at homogenizing culture and nature so that nature seems to be more or less the same everywhere." RA Y https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/extinction-of-indigenous-languages-leads-to-loss-of-exclusive-knowledge-about-medicinal-pl... At the beginning of September during the third cycle of the Amazoniar Project organized by the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM), artist and educator Denilson Baniwa spoke about this homogenization from an Indigenous perspective: "If I speak Portuguese this well, it is 4/7
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