Describe the neural circuitry for respiration from pontine nuclei, through medullary centers, to spinal motor neurons, the muscles of inspiration and expiration, and ventilation. Be specific and include the functions, projections, and timing of activity for each of the regions discussed in the notes.

Q: Identify the receptors for the Respiratory Control Centre:  A. B. C. D.

A: The centers for respiration are located in the brain stem, medulla oblongata, and pons to be…

Q: Briefly describe two different ways that smoking cigarettes would affect the respiratory system.…

A: The addictive substance found in tobacco smoke is nicotine, which keeps smokers in the habit.In…

Q: What happens to alveolar pressure and lung volume when inspiration is occurring? What muscle are…

A: The pressure of air inside the alveolar of the lungs is known as alveolar pressure. Alveolar…

Q: Consider the mechanics of breathing during quiet breathing. Name the TWO inspiratory muscles. State…

A: Answer: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM = This is the process of breathing and respiration within the lungs of…

Q: Discuss the respiratory system. Explain how the anatomical structures of the respiratory system are…

A: The respiratory system, which consists of a group of organs and tissues that work together to help…

Q: Why does human speech typically take place during the expiratory phase of respiration? Consider the…

A: What is expiratory phase of respiration??? The expiratory phase of respiration is the stage of…

Q: Callisto is hiding from Xena under a pile of leaves. She is worried that if she takes slow, deep…

A: Introduction :- The amount of air that passes in and out of the lungs during each respiratory cycle…

Q: Describe the anatomical structure and function of the alveolar-capillary membrane. What are the 3…

A: The tongue is used to articulate alveolar consonants against or close to the superior alveolar…

Q: What neural afferents might also contribute to the regulation of ventilation during exercise?

A: Exercise is a body movement that improves or preserves physical health and well-being. It is carried…

Q: Calculate the respiratory rate (RR) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) using the values…

A: Given - No. of cycles - 16 breaths Exact duration over 12 sec = 16.74 sec

Q: Write two paragraphs describing how air can go into the lungs and back out of the body.  Paragraph 1…

A: The process of gaseous exchange that is characterized by inspiration and expiration is more…

Q: Describe one functional difference and one structural difference between veins and arteries

A: Arteries convey oxygenated blood from the heart, while veins convey oxygen-drained blood back to the…

Q: these four respiratory functions: a. b. C. d. 3. How do cells produce ATP from the foods we eat?…

A: The respiratory system is formed by a set of organs that perform the function of…

Q: Although respiratory muscles are voluntary, you cannot hold your breath until you lose consciousness…

A: The upper brain stem (mesencephalon, pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum) controls involuntary and…

Q: arasympathethic stimulation of the lungs causes   bronchi to dilate bronchioles to dilate bronchi to…

A: The autonomic nervous system is divided into the parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic…