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- Compare parasitism and mutualism for the two factors (A and B) below. A) What distinguishes these two strategies from the other strategies for interaction? B) What is the long-term benefit to the micro-symbiont as far as access to a new host? C) What is the cost (e.g. DNA that needs to be maintained)?What is brood parasitism?Explain with the help of an example.Are there examples of mutualism or parasitism within these species? Explain and classify them into categories of mutualism, parasitism, and none.
- Explain how within-host growth of parasites can functionally link virulence and transmission, and how those results in selection favoring an intermediate level of virulence. What evidence did Fraser et al. 2007 provide in support of the trade-off hypothesis.What is Brood parasitism? Give an example. What adaptation has evolved in this phenomenon?Using the basic S-I-R model of parasite and host dynamics, explain why the proportion of infected individuals in the population declines over time.
- The term that best describes the general relationship between 2 organisms in which one benefits and is reliant upon the other organism, however the other is neither harmed nor benefits, is O 1) parasitism. 2) satellitism. 3) synergism. 4) O 4) commensalism. O 5) symbiosis.Give three examples of a biotic interaction parasitism. Please explain each exampleE. Tolerance limits are that limit a species' survival. A) temperature ranges B) any environmental conditions C) population sizes D) narrow salinity levels
- How does host genotype influence co-evolutionary patterns in host-parasite interactions? Provide an example.A) Commensalism D) Competition B) Mutualism E) Predation C) Parasitism Although termites can physically chew and ingest wood, they are incapable of chemically digesting the wood. Inside of the termite is an intestinal flagellate that secretes the enzymes necessary for the termite to digest the wood. The flagellates live only inside in the hindgut of termites. Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whale. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whale. Tapeworms, for example, live inside the intestines of humans and farm animals. They obtain digested food and shelter from their hosts. Hence, the hosts are likely to suffer from malnutrition. The stork uses its saw-like bill to cut up the dead animals it eats. As a result, the dead animal carcass is accessible to some bees for food and egg laying. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the stork. Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives. The badgers then expose the hives and feed on the honey…Describe the symbiosis between the Riftia tubeworm and its bacterial symbiont. What is the role of the Riftia tube worm hemoglobin in the success of its relationship with the symbiotic bacteria?