D. Results and Discussion Points Distance Upper crosshair readings Lower crosshair Rod Intercept readings М-1 1.368 1.318 M-2 10 1.35 1.25 M-3 15 1.335 1.185 М4 20 1.325 1.125 M-5 25 1.37 1.12

Q: A surveyor measured the distance between two points on the plan drawn to a scale 1 cm = 40 m and the…

A:

Q: Develop your personal definition for the practice of surveying.

A: Surveying is the practice of observing and assessing the relative positions of places in relation to…

Q: Explain the detailed process/method of hydrographic survey

A: The main objective of the hydrographic survey is to determine the underwater depth. The current flow…

Q: Distance, m N 15deg 37' E S 77 deg 30' E S 77deg 36' E S 3deg 19' W N 73deg 37' W S 73deg 31 W N…

A:

Q: Why double meridian distance method is useful?

A: Solution: The use of double meridian distance method is to determine the area of closed traverse .…

Q: What situation does Hydrographic Survey is applicable

A: Hydrographic survey is study of underground water features.

Q: Explain the difference between plane surveying and geodetic surveying

A: Plane survey- In this type of survey, the mean surface of earth is assumed to flat and not the…

Q: How do plane surveys and geodetic surveys differ?

A: In the plane surveying process of surveying the earth surface is assumed as flat neglecting the…

Q: Explain the concept of horizontal and vertical control in surveying and how coordinate geometry is…

A: Surveying is precisely measuring and mapping land, often for construction or mapping purposes.…

Q: If A is at station 17+25 and B is at station 43+18, What is the distance between the two point?

A: Given: Chainage of point A is 17+25 Chainage of point B is 43+18

Q: How are contour lines determined in a topographic survey?

A: Contour lines are substantial features in topographic surveying as they represent imaginary lines…

Q: O. Convert the arca 4.2 cm at a map (1/5000) in Don, Olk, m?

A: Given that:                      Area on map = 4.2 cm2Reperesentative factor of the map, RF = 15000

Q: How Planimeter instrument is used to find areas?

A: Answer:- Planimeter:- It is a measuring instrument used in surveying to compute the area of any…

Q: What is the main purpose of Hydrographic Surveys in the Civil Engineering field?

A: Answer -    Introduction of hydrographic survey-    Basically these are the surveys which are…

Q: Move in this direction Move in this direction Plumb rod Plumb rod Turning point Step Walk in away…

A: In such a long distance, it is merely impossible to hear the word that the surveyor speaks and it is…

Q: Define application of gps,totalstation and levelling in water resources engineering

A: Applications of GPS in water resource engineering are as follows: 1. Water Resource Management. 2.…

Q: List the kinds of horizontal angles observed in surveying?

A: True bearing: The true bearing of the line is the angle measured by the line with respect to the…

Q: Determine the Area of the given traverse using DPD method. (data in meters) Departure Latitude 37.7…

A:

Q: Discuss the importance of elevation data and leveling techniques in construction surveys?

A: Surveying for construction in civil engineering includes such essential components as elevation data…

Q: only SKETCH this traverse

A:

Q: What is the acute angle or obtuse angle between the following azimuths? 321°06'54" and 123°45'01"

A:

Q: Two straight lines intersect at an angle of 60°. The radius of a curve joining the two straight…

A: Radius, R =600m  Intersection angle =60 ° Find  length of long chord=? mid-ordinates=?

Q: What situation does City Surveys is applicable?

A: The situations in which city survey is applicable is explained in the following step.

Q: explain what inversing is and when completing a stakeout or layout survey, what is one reason…

A: Brief concept introduction- Inversing- Inversing is a technique in surveying that involves the…

Q: In the figure below, determine the area included between the base line and the irregular boundary.…

A:

Q: What are static surveys?

A: Statistic surveying is relative positioning system. In this system, a series of receivers are…

Q: Given in the tabulation are the observed angles of a chain of triangles as shown in the accompanying…

A: Given :

Q: LINE DISTANCE BEARING CD 20 m S 850 20' E СА ? N 280 15' W СВ N 650 30' E DA ? N 700 W DB ? N 80°…

A:

Q: What is a traverse.

A: The traverse can be defined as it is a type of surveying in which many survey lines are connected to…

Q: What three surveying elements are needed in machine control?

A: The three surveying elements are needed in machine control are a} DTM Digital Terrain Models (DTM)…

Q: Explain: 1) Elevation  2)Mean sea level 3)Bench mark

A: 1) Elevation of any point or location in surveying is defined as the vertical distance of that point…

Q: How does GPS technology contribute to modern surveying practice

A: GPS Technology: Revolutionizing Modern Surveying Practices:1. Precision and Accuracy GPS technology…

Q: Problem 4 Adjust the angles of triangle ABC for the following angular values and weights; #1. # 2.…

A:

Q: when trying to

A: Introduction The Philippine archipelago is made out of 7,107 islands. It is partitionedinto three…

Q: define triangulation networks in surveying. please type in answer and provide sufficient information

A: In a triangulation network the system is made up of triangles connected to each other in which the…

Q: : Following readings were taken with a dumpy level and 4M leveling staff on a continuously sloping…

A:

Q: What are the guidelines developed by National Geodetic Survey for performing kinematic control…

A: The answer is below:

Q: What are the alternative methods for making traverse computations?

A: the alternative methods for making traverse computation are   1. Balancing angle by adjusting…

Q: How can we calculate mean free path ?

A: Brief concept- Mean Free Path- When a molecule collides with another molecule then in between the…

Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.