d the orthogonal projection ŷ of y = 5 0 -5 = = Span u₁ = {-----})}) 4 , = 2 -4 onto the 3

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Orthogonal Projection of a Vector onto a Subspace**

**Problem:**

Find the orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) of the vector 

\[ 
\mathbf{y} = \begin{bmatrix} 5 \\ 0 \\ -5 \end{bmatrix} 
\]

onto the subspace \( W \), which is spanned by the vectors 

\[ 
\mathbf{u}_1 = \begin{bmatrix} -1 \\ 4 \\ 6 \end{bmatrix}, \quad \mathbf{u}_2 = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ -4 \\ 3 \end{bmatrix} 
\].

**Solution:**

The orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) is calculated by projecting \( \mathbf{y} \) onto the subspace spanned by \( \mathbf{u}_1 \) and \( \mathbf{u}_2 \).

**Answer Input Boxes:**

This section allows for the input of the calculated orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) in vector form, which is not displayed here for user input.

Each component of the vector should be entered into its respective box.

**Note:**

To solve this problem, use the Gram-Schmidt process to orthogonalize the basis vectors, if necessary, and then use the formula for the orthogonal projection of a vector onto a subspace.
Transcribed Image Text:**Orthogonal Projection of a Vector onto a Subspace** **Problem:** Find the orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) of the vector \[ \mathbf{y} = \begin{bmatrix} 5 \\ 0 \\ -5 \end{bmatrix} \] onto the subspace \( W \), which is spanned by the vectors \[ \mathbf{u}_1 = \begin{bmatrix} -1 \\ 4 \\ 6 \end{bmatrix}, \quad \mathbf{u}_2 = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ -4 \\ 3 \end{bmatrix} \]. **Solution:** The orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) is calculated by projecting \( \mathbf{y} \) onto the subspace spanned by \( \mathbf{u}_1 \) and \( \mathbf{u}_2 \). **Answer Input Boxes:** This section allows for the input of the calculated orthogonal projection \( \hat{y} \) in vector form, which is not displayed here for user input. Each component of the vector should be entered into its respective box. **Note:** To solve this problem, use the Gram-Schmidt process to orthogonalize the basis vectors, if necessary, and then use the formula for the orthogonal projection of a vector onto a subspace.
Expert Solution
Step 1: Formula

The orthogonal projection of y onto span u1,u2 is 

y with hat on top equals fraction numerator y. u subscript 1 over denominator u subscript 1. u subscript 1 end fraction u subscript 1 plus fraction numerator y. u subscript 2 over denominator u subscript 2. u subscript 2 end fraction u subscript 2

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