(d) Compute a 95% confidence interval about the population mean difference Hd The lower bound is The upper bound is

What is an Epidemic Curve? An epi curve is a visual display of the onset of illness among cases associated with an outbreak. You can learn a lot about an outbreak from an epi curve, such as The outbreak's time trend, that is, the distribution of cases over time Outliers, that is, cases that stand apart from the overall pattern A general sense of the outbreak's magnitude Inferences about the outbreak's pattern of spread The most likely time period of exposure (Source: Center for Disease Control, US) Here you will compare epi curves from three countries- South Korea, Italy, and the USA.   The table below shows the number of active cases in South Korea, Italy, and the USA.  The data is shown in two-day intervals starting on February 15 and ending March 17 (note March 17 is a one-day interval).    Cut and paste the data table into Excel or Google Sheets.  Make and X-Y Scatter Plot (with connecting lines).  This will be your epidemic curve.     South Korea Italy USA…

Outliers (z-scores)   Outliers are points that are ``further away" from the other data points or possibly ``further away" from the trend or pattern for the other data. The precise line used for determining what is ``further away" is sometimes subject to judgement and can vary depending on context and goals.   [NOTE:  Not every data set will have outliers.]   One means of measuring to determine where the outliers are is use of the Z-score (the number of standard deviations away from the center). If the data is mound-shaped (largest amount concentrated near the middle), then a Z-score of Z > 3.0 OR of Z < - 3.0 would clearly be in the range for outliers.  [See empirical rule later.]   Suppose a set of data is mound-shaped and has a mean of  and standard deviation of . {     (mu) = 72,  (sigma) = 8.0     }   For each of the following data points, find the Z-score and classify whether the point should be considered an outlier.   a) xi = 93   b) xi = 98   c) xi = 45   d) xi = 52

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