For each of the following data points, find the Z-score and classify whether the point should be considered an outlier. a) xi = 93 b) xi = 98 c) xi = 45 d) xi = 52
Outliers (z-scores)
Outliers are points that are ``further away" from the other data points or possibly ``further away" from the trend or pattern for the other data.
The precise line used for determining what is ``further away" is sometimes subject to judgement and can vary depending on context and goals.
[NOTE: Not every data set will have outliers.]
One means of measuring to determine where the outliers are is use of the Z-score (the number of standard deviations away from the center).
If the data is mound-shaped (largest amount concentrated near the middle), then a Z-score of
Z > 3.0 OR of Z < - 3.0
would clearly be in the
Suppose a set of data is mound-shaped and has a mean of and standard deviation of .
{ (mu) = 72, (sigma) = 8.0 }
For each of the following data points, find the Z-score and classify whether the point should be considered an outlier.
a) xi = 93
b) xi = 98
c) xi = 45
d) xi = 52
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