Cuttlefish use jet propulsion to move rapidly. To do this, a cuttlefish fills its muscular mantle cavity with water and then quickly expels the water through a tube-like opening. The mass of a cuttlefish is about the same as the mass of water of the same volume. A 16-cmcm-long and 4.0-cmcm-wide cuttlefish, initially at rest, is moving at a speed of 4.0 m/sm/s after expelling the water from its body. Assume that the cuttlefish has a cylindrical form, the mantle cavity has a form of a cylinder with length of 9.0 cmcm, and the thickness of the muscle surrounding the sides of the cavity is 1.0 cmcm. Estimate the speed of the expelled water relative to the sea bed.

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