Currently available INSULIN PRODUCTS/MEDICATIONS in the market: Brand Name Route Onset (min.) Duration (hr.) (choose among these) Prandial Generic Name insulin Basal insulin Both (prandial and basal) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Q: Insulin stimulates fatty acid synthesis by activating the acetyl CoA carboxylase a. True b. False
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Q: Very briefly discuss and characterise insulin including its main actions.
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A: The box for green colour is : type 2 diabetic The box for red colour in the graph is : Normal
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- What functional test is most informative in diagnosing diabetes insipidus?A. With clophelinumB. With hypothiazid C. With dexamethasonumD. By limiting liquidE. By fast (abstinence from food)Classification Brand Name Onset Peak Duration Rapid-acting Lispro insulin (Humalog) Short-acting Regular insulin (Humulin R) NPH Insulin (Humulin Intermediate- acting N) Long-acting Insulin glargine (Lantus)Becky has been admitted to the paediatric ward from the emergency department after being brought to hospital by her parents due to becoming drowsy at home. Becky is being treated for diabetic ketoacidosis via intravenous insulin and fluids, blood glucose was 36 mmol/l and blood ketones were 3.2 mmol/l on admission. Currently, becky is withdrawn and has said she wants to go home, she says will be ok and that she doesn’t want the treatment. When speaking to mom and dad, they have stated that becky should not be told about the severity of her condition as she will worry too much. Patient Details Name: becky Smith Date of Birth: 13/08/2009 - Age 14 Address: Next Of Kin: Parents, James and Donna Religion: None Ethnic origin: White British Presenting Complaint or Reason for visit Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1DM) Past Medical History T1DM Autism Current Medication Lantus – 12 units - one per day in the evening Novorapid – for administration…
- What is the differnce between Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2. Mention its similarities and causes. What are the manifestations and pathophysiology.A four-year old girl appears to be growing more slowly than normal. Her thyroid gland is enlarged. The paediatrician suspects that she has a goitre secondary to iodine deficiency. Explain how iodine deficiency can cause a goitre.CC was taken to hospital breathing but unresponsive after two days of heavy alcohol consumption and limited food intake. According to CC's past medical history they had a history of chronic alcohol addiction and fatty liver disease. Analysis of CC's serum glucose returned a value of < 20 mg/dL, indicating severe hypoglycemia. The attending physician prescribed a bolus of D-glucose to help re-establish CC's blood glucose to within normal bounds. Analysis of the CC's serum electrolytes and PaCO2 was suggestive of metabolic acidosis. Q1: Which of the following metabolites may be used to produce blood glucose during prolonged fasting?
- An unresponsive client who has diabetes is brought to the emergency department with rapid, deep respirations. Additional findings include: blood glucose 24.9 mmol/L, arterial pH 7.2 and urinalysis showing presence of ketones and glucose. Which of the following statements best describes the underlying cause of this patient’s presentation? Question 64 options: a) Relative insulin deficiency, causing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, renal dysfunction and acidosis b) Nocturnal elevation of growth hormone resulting in hyperglycemia in the morning c) Absolute insulin deficiency, increased counter-regulatory hormone, lipolysis and free fatty acid release d) Hypoglycemia causes release of glucagon, resulting in glycogenolysis and hyperglycemiaBecky has been admitted to the paediatric ward from the emergency department after being brought to hospital by her parents due to becoming drowsy at home. Becky is being treated for diabetic ketoacidosis via intravenous insulin and fluids, blood glucose was 36 mmol/l and blood ketones were 3.2 mmol/l on admission. Currently, becky is withdrawn and has said she wants to go home, she says will be ok and that she doesn’t want the treatment. When speaking to mom and dad, they have stated that becky should not be told about the severity of her condition as she will worry too much. Patient Details Name: becky Smith Date of Birth: 13/08/2009 - Age 14 Address: Next Of Kin: Parents, James and Donna Religion: None Ethnic origin: White British Presenting Complaint or Reason for visit Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1DM) Past Medical History T1DM Autism Current Medication Lantus – 12 units - one per day in the evening Novorapid – for administration…Jamie, a 21 year old client with type 1 diabetes comes in for a personal training appointment. She has been exercising routinely for 1 year, has achieved and maintained a healthy weight her entire life, and usually has good control of blood glucose. She says that she checked her blood glucose level 15 minutes earlier and had a reading of 65mg/dL. -how do you proceed with the client? (Screening) -Is this level safe for exercise -Explain what you would do
- Explain, as relevant, the connections between sources, functions, deficiencies and toxicities of vitamin E in type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic heart disease and explain, as relevant, the connections between sources, functions, deficiencies and toxicities of selenium in type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic heart disease.Chloe has been admitted to the paediatric ward from the emergency department after being brought to hospital by her parents due to becoming drowsy at home. Chloe is being treated for diabetic ketoacidosis via intravenous insulin and fluids, blood glucose was 36 mmol/l and blood ketones were 3.2 mmol/l on admission. Currently, Chloe is withdrawn and has said she wants to go home, she says will be ok and that she doesn’t want the treatment. When speaking to mom and dad, they have stated that Chloe should not be told about the severity of her condition as she will worry too much. Patient Details Name: Chloe Smith Date of Birth: 13/08/2009 - Age 14 Address Next Of Kin: Parents, James and Donna Religion: None Ethnic origin: White British Presenting Complaint or Reason for visit Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1DM) Past Medical History T1DM Autism Current Medication Lantus – 12 units - one per day in the evening Novorapid – for administration…It has been suggested that limits be put onthe dose in vitamin A supplements sold in stores. What is a possiblereason for this limitation?