Cullumber Inc. manufactures and distributes three types of water skis: beginner, intermediate, and advanced. Production is highly automated for the beginner model, whereas the intermediate and advanced models require increasing degrees of labour, depending on the shaping and finishing processes. Cullumber applies all indirect costs to production using a single predetermined overhead (OH) rate based on direct labour hours (DLH). Management estimates that 30,600 DLH will be used in the upcoming year, at a rate of $14 per hour. Assume that the following activity took place in the first month of the new year: Beginner Intermediate Advanced Number of units produced 20,400 8,200 3,100 Direct materials costs $21,200 $13,300 $8,200 Direct labour hours 500 1,000 2,000 Number of orders 6 4 3 Number of production runs 2 2 3 Kilograms of material used 8,200 3,300 1,500 Machine hours 1,200 310 200 Number of inspections 3 3 3 Number of units shipped 18,400 7,700 2,600 A consultant recently suggested that Cullumber switch to an activity-based costing system, and assembled the following information: Activities Recommended Cost Drivers Estimated OH Cost Cost Drivers Order processing Number of orders $ 61,000 100 orders Material handling Kilograms of materials used 610,000 122,000 kilograms Machine depreciation and maintenance Machine hours 420,000 20,000 hours Quality control Number of inspections 133,000 40 inspections $ 1,224,000 Calculate the production costs for each product in the first month of the upcoming year, using direct labour hours as the allocation base. Beginner Intermediate Advanced Materials $enter a dollar amount $enter a dollar amount $enter a dollar amount Labour enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount MOH enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount $enter a total amount $enter a total amount $enter a total amount Calculate the production costs for each product in the first month of the upcoming year, using activity-based costing. Beginner Intermediate Advanced Materials $enter a dollar amount $enter a dollar amount $enter a dollar amount Labour enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount ABC overhead applied enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount enter a dollar amount $enter a total amount $enter a total amount $enter a total amount Compare your answers in parts (a) and (b). Is the overhead charged to each product the same under each method? The amount charged to each product for overhead is select an option under the two methods.
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Management estimates that 30,600 DLH will be used in the upcoming year, at a rate of $14 per hour.
Assume that the following activity took place in the first month of the new year:
Beginner
|
Intermediate
|
Advanced
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of units produced
|
20,400
|
8,200
|
3,100
|
||||
Direct materials costs
|
$21,200
|
$13,300
|
$8,200
|
||||
Direct labour hours
|
500
|
1,000
|
2,000
|
||||
Number of orders
|
6
|
4
|
3
|
||||
Number of production runs
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
||||
Kilograms of material used
|
8,200
|
3,300
|
1,500
|
||||
Machine hours
|
1,200
|
310
|
200
|
||||
Number of inspections
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
||||
Number of units shipped
|
18,400
|
7,700
|
2,600
|
A consultant recently suggested that Cullumber switch to an activity-based costing system, and assembled the following information:
Activities
|
Recommended Cost Drivers
|
Estimated OH Cost
|
Cost Drivers
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Order processing
|
Number of orders
|
$
|
61,000
|
100
|
orders
|
|||||||
Material handling
|
Kilograms of materials used
|
610,000
|
122,000
|
kilograms
|
||||||||
Machine
maintenance |
Machine hours
|
420,000
|
20,000
|
hours
|
||||||||
Quality control
|
Number of inspections
|
133,000
|
40
|
inspections
|
||||||||
$
|
1,224,000
|
Beginner
|
Intermediate
|
Advanced
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Materials
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
||||
Labour
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
||||
MOH
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
||||
$enter a total amount
|
$enter a total amount
|
$enter a total amount
|
Beginner
|
Intermediate
|
Advanced
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Materials
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
$enter a dollar amount
|
||||
Labour
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
||||
ABC overhead applied
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
enter a dollar amount
|
||||
$enter a total amount
|
$enter a total amount
|
$enter a total amount
|
The amount charged to each product for overhead is select an option under the two methods. |
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