**Creating an Inheritance Hierarchy in Programming**### OverviewThe task is to create an inheritance hierarchy based on the design in the diagram. The hierarchy consists of a base class and two derived classes, each with specific attributes and functionalities.### Class Descriptions1. **Student Class** - **Attributes:** - `name (string)`: A private data member to store the student's name. - **Functions:** - Include a constructor for initialization. - Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `name`. - A print function to display the student's information.2. **UndergraduateStudent Class (Derived from Student)** - **Attributes:** - `rank (string)`: A private data member that can be one of the following—freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior. - **Functions:** - Include a constructor to initialize data members. - Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `rank`. - Override the print function to display undergraduate student details.3. **GraduateStudent Class (Derived from Student)** - **Attributes:** - `project (string)`: A private data member to describe the student's project. - **Functions:** - Include a constructor to initialize data members. - Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `project`. - Override the print function to display graduate student details.### Implementation- **Polymorphic Behavior:** - Demonstrate polymorphism by creating a vector containing objects of `Student`, `UndergraduateStudent`, and `GraduateStudent`. - Process each element in the vector by calling the print function, showcasing dynamic binding.### Diagram ExplanationThe diagram is a simple representation of class inheritance:- **Student** is the base class.- **UndergraduateStudent** and **GraduateStudent** are derived classes, each inheriting from the `Student` class.- This hierarchy illustrates the "is-a" relationship central to object-oriented design, where both Undergraduate and Graduate students are types of Students.By following this structure, one can efficiently manage and extend student-related functionalities in an educational software system.

Start.Include necessary header files: <iostream> and <vector>.Define a Student class…

Answered: Create the inheritance hierarchy…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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**Creating an Inheritance Hierarchy in Programming**

### Overview

The task is to create an inheritance hierarchy based on the design in the diagram. The hierarchy consists of a base class and two derived classes, each with specific attributes and functionalities.

### Class Descriptions

1. **Student Class**
- **Attributes:**
- `name (string)`: A private data member to store the student's name.
- **Functions:**
- Include a constructor for initialization.
- Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `name`.
- A print function to display the student's information.

2. **UndergraduateStudent Class (Derived from Student)**
- **Attributes:**
- `rank (string)`: A private data member that can be one of the following—freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior.
- **Functions:**
- Include a constructor to initialize data members.
- Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `rank`.
- Override the print function to display undergraduate student details.

3. **GraduateStudent Class (Derived from Student)**
- **Attributes:**
- `project (string)`: A private data member to describe the student's project.
- **Functions:**
- Include a constructor to initialize data members.
- Get and set functions for accessing and updating the `project`.
- Override the print function to display graduate student details.

### Implementation

- **Polymorphic Behavior:**
- Demonstrate polymorphism by creating a vector containing objects of `Student`, `UndergraduateStudent`, and `GraduateStudent`.
- Process each element in the vector by calling the print function, showcasing dynamic binding.

### Diagram Explanation

The diagram is a simple representation of class inheritance:

- **Student** is the base class.
- **UndergraduateStudent** and **GraduateStudent** are derived classes, each inheriting from the `Student` class.
- This hierarchy illustrates the "is-a" relationship central to object-oriented design, where both Undergraduate and Graduate students are types of Students.

By following this structure, one can efficiently manage and extend student-related functionalities in an educational software system.

Expert Solution

Step 1: Algorithm:

Start.
Include necessary header files: <iostream> and <vector>.
Define a Student class with a private member name, a constructor, and methods to get and set the name, and a virtual print method.
Define an UndergraduateStudent the class that inherits from Student, with an additional rank member and methods to get and set the rank, and an overridden print method.
Define a GraduateStudent the class that inherits from Student, with an additional project member and methods to get and set the project, and an overridden print method.
In the main function, create a vector of pointers to Student objects.
Add instances of Student, UndergraduateStudent, and GraduateStudent to the vector.
Loop through the vector and call the print method for each student, which dynamically dispatches to the appropriate class's print method due to polymorphism.
Clean up the allocated memory by deleting the objects in the vector.
Return 0 to indicate successful execution.
End.

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