Count the instances where there is any difference in the amino acid in the alignment of the six sequences and write that number below.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
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Author:Michael Cummings
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Chapter9: Gene Expression And Gene Regulation
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    1. Count the instances where there is any difference in the amino acid in the alignment of the six sequences and write that number below.
    1. Did you find any clades in this alignment? Describe your results. You must describe in detail the relationships between the sequences in this tree.
    1. Describe in detail how this combined tree changed the relationships between the sequences in comparison to the two separate trees that you created in the previous section above
The image is a detailed sequence alignment of proteins, showing a comparison between different sequences labeled as ABA19560 to ABA19571. These sequences are aligned horizontally across a series of columns representing amino acid residues.

### Key Features:

- **Leader Sequence**: The initial part of the sequence is labeled as "Leader," indicating a region before the main sequence. This section contains amino acids represented by single-letter codes.

- **Colored Regions**: Different sections of the alignment are highlighted with colors, showing conserved regions. These colors can indicate similarity or identity at specific positions, which helps identify functional or structural motifs.

- **Numbered Blocks**: The top of the alignment features numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) that correspond to specific columns or regions along the sequences. These may correlate with functional domains or important structural features.

- **Red Triangles and Arrows**: Arrows above the sequences and red triangles indicate points of interest, such as start positions of domains or sites of modification.

- **Text Annotations**: Annotations like "RGD" appear above specific amino acids, suggesting significant motifs known to interact with other biomolecules or play roles in biological processes.

- **Circular Symbols**: At the right side of the image, red circles are present, which might denote experimentally important residues or modification sites.

### Diagrams and Symbols:

- **Vertical Lines**: These lines extend from the numbers at the top through the alignment. They may indicate boundaries of specific domains.

- **Horizontal Bars**: These connect numbers at the bottom of the sequences, possibly representing sequence length or alignment coverage.

Overall, this alignment graphically illustrates the conservation and variation across multiple protein sequences, highlighting regions that may be crucial for function or structure. It serves as an analytical tool for studying evolutionary relationships or identifying targets for further experimental investigation.
Transcribed Image Text:The image is a detailed sequence alignment of proteins, showing a comparison between different sequences labeled as ABA19560 to ABA19571. These sequences are aligned horizontally across a series of columns representing amino acid residues. ### Key Features: - **Leader Sequence**: The initial part of the sequence is labeled as "Leader," indicating a region before the main sequence. This section contains amino acids represented by single-letter codes. - **Colored Regions**: Different sections of the alignment are highlighted with colors, showing conserved regions. These colors can indicate similarity or identity at specific positions, which helps identify functional or structural motifs. - **Numbered Blocks**: The top of the alignment features numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) that correspond to specific columns or regions along the sequences. These may correlate with functional domains or important structural features. - **Red Triangles and Arrows**: Arrows above the sequences and red triangles indicate points of interest, such as start positions of domains or sites of modification. - **Text Annotations**: Annotations like "RGD" appear above specific amino acids, suggesting significant motifs known to interact with other biomolecules or play roles in biological processes. - **Circular Symbols**: At the right side of the image, red circles are present, which might denote experimentally important residues or modification sites. ### Diagrams and Symbols: - **Vertical Lines**: These lines extend from the numbers at the top through the alignment. They may indicate boundaries of specific domains. - **Horizontal Bars**: These connect numbers at the bottom of the sequences, possibly representing sequence length or alignment coverage. Overall, this alignment graphically illustrates the conservation and variation across multiple protein sequences, highlighting regions that may be crucial for function or structure. It serves as an analytical tool for studying evolutionary relationships or identifying targets for further experimental investigation.
**CLUSTAL O(1.2.4) Multiple Sequence Alignment**

The image shows a multiple sequence alignment for three protein sequences labeled ABA19571.1, ABA19569.1, and ABA19570.1. The alignment is presented in blocks of 60 residues with amino acids in different colors representing different properties.

### Sequence Details:
- **Sequence Names and Lengths:**
  - ABA19571.1
  - ABA19569.1
  - ABA19570.1
  - Each sequence is 273 amino acids long.

### Sequence Alignment:

1. **First Block (1-60):**

   - All sequences start with the motif: `MVKVTLIAVAALAISAHAERDFNERGKENAREGQGGFEGRPGGMTGS`
   - Sequence positions that perfectly align across the sequences are marked with an asterisk `*`.
   - There is 100% identity in this region for all three sequences.

2. **Second Block (61-120):**

   - Common sequence: `GGMRFDFSGAPQMDGRQNGGPMGRRFQDGPRFGGSRPDGAGRPFQGQG`
   - This block also shows complete conservation as indicated by the asterisks.

3. **Third Block (121-180):**

   - Aligned region: `ETDAAQQIGDLGGPGQFGDGRPFGRNRRHTEGHQGNHETGDHPRHHN`
   - Complete sequence identity is observed in this region as well.

4. **Fourth Block (181-240):**

   - Shared sequence: `KTRDGDQDRPMFEMRPFRFNPGGRKPQDRPFRFGRNGTEEGRPRDDQR`
   - Again, this region is perfectly conserved across all sequences.

5. **Final Block (241-273):**

   - Sequence: `NESEEKEHPTTESVTSSPPEVVEIANDVAEV`
   - The final section maintains the identity across the sequences.

### Key Notes:
- The asterisks `*` indicate positions where all sequences have the same amino acid, implying complete conservation.
- The alignment tool used is CLUSTAL O version 1.2.4, noted for its high accuracy in aligning protein sequences.
- This alignment is useful for understanding evolutionary relationships and functional similarities among the proteins. 

This information
Transcribed Image Text:**CLUSTAL O(1.2.4) Multiple Sequence Alignment** The image shows a multiple sequence alignment for three protein sequences labeled ABA19571.1, ABA19569.1, and ABA19570.1. The alignment is presented in blocks of 60 residues with amino acids in different colors representing different properties. ### Sequence Details: - **Sequence Names and Lengths:** - ABA19571.1 - ABA19569.1 - ABA19570.1 - Each sequence is 273 amino acids long. ### Sequence Alignment: 1. **First Block (1-60):** - All sequences start with the motif: `MVKVTLIAVAALAISAHAERDFNERGKENAREGQGGFEGRPGGMTGS` - Sequence positions that perfectly align across the sequences are marked with an asterisk `*`. - There is 100% identity in this region for all three sequences. 2. **Second Block (61-120):** - Common sequence: `GGMRFDFSGAPQMDGRQNGGPMGRRFQDGPRFGGSRPDGAGRPFQGQG` - This block also shows complete conservation as indicated by the asterisks. 3. **Third Block (121-180):** - Aligned region: `ETDAAQQIGDLGGPGQFGDGRPFGRNRRHTEGHQGNHETGDHPRHHN` - Complete sequence identity is observed in this region as well. 4. **Fourth Block (181-240):** - Shared sequence: `KTRDGDQDRPMFEMRPFRFNPGGRKPQDRPFRFGRNGTEEGRPRDDQR` - Again, this region is perfectly conserved across all sequences. 5. **Final Block (241-273):** - Sequence: `NESEEKEHPTTESVTSSPPEVVEIANDVAEV` - The final section maintains the identity across the sequences. ### Key Notes: - The asterisks `*` indicate positions where all sequences have the same amino acid, implying complete conservation. - The alignment tool used is CLUSTAL O version 1.2.4, noted for its high accuracy in aligning protein sequences. - This alignment is useful for understanding evolutionary relationships and functional similarities among the proteins. This information
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