could live in a safe and orderly way. The best gov- ernment, he said, is that of a strong king who can force all people to obey. John Locke believed that people have three natural rights. They are life, liberty, and property. The purpose of government is to protect these rights. When it fails to do so, he said, people have a right to overthrow the government. which all people were equal. Cesare Beccaria was an Italian philosphe. He spoke out against abuses of justice. 2. Name the types of freedoms that Enlightenment thinkers championed. Women and the Enlightenment; Legacy of the Enlightenment (pages 199-201) 1. How were Hobbes's and Locke's views different? The Philosophes Advocate Reason (pages 196-198) What were Enlightenment views about individuals? Many Enlightenment thinkers held traditional views about women's place in society. They wanted equal rights for all men but paid no attention to the fact that women did not have such rights. Some women protested this unfair situation. "If all men are born free," stated British writer Mary Wollstonecraft, "how is it that all women are born slaves?" Who were the philosophes? French thinkers called philosophes had five main. beliefs: (1) thinkers can find the truth by using rea- son; (2) what is natural is good and reasonable, and human actions are shaped by natural laws; (3) act- ing according to nature can bring happiness; (4) by taking a scientific view, people and society can make progress and advance to a better life; and (5) by using reason, people can gain freedom. The most brilliant of the philosophes was the writer Voltaire. He fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech. ety better. Enlightenment thinkers helped make Baron de Montesquieu wrote about separation of powers-dividing power among the separate branches of government. The third great philosophe was Jean Jacques Rousseau. He wrote in favor of human freedom. He wanted a society in Enlightenment ideas strongly influenced the American and French Revolutions. Enlightenment thinkers also helped spread the idea of progress. By using reason, they said, it is possible to make soci- the world less religious and more worldly. They also stressed the importance of the individual. 3. Explain the influence of Enlightenment ideas.

could live in a safe and orderly way. The best gov- ernment, he said, is that of a strong king who can force all people to obey. John Locke believed that people have three natural rights. They are life, liberty, and property. The purpose of government is to protect these rights. When it fails to do so, he said, people have a right to overthrow the government. which all people were equal. Cesare Beccaria was an Italian philosphe. He spoke out against abuses of justice. 2. Name the types of freedoms that Enlightenment thinkers championed. Women and the Enlightenment; Legacy of the Enlightenment (pages 199-201) 1. How were Hobbes's and Locke's views different? The Philosophes Advocate Reason (pages 196-198) What were Enlightenment views about individuals? Many Enlightenment thinkers held traditional views about women's place in society. They wanted equal rights for all men but paid no attention to the fact that women did not have such rights. Some women protested this unfair situation. "If all men are born free," stated British writer Mary Wollstonecraft, "how is it that all women are born slaves?" Who were the philosophes? French thinkers called philosophes had five main. beliefs: (1) thinkers can find the truth by using rea- son; (2) what is natural is good and reasonable, and human actions are shaped by natural laws; (3) act- ing according to nature can bring happiness; (4) by taking a scientific view, people and society can make progress and advance to a better life; and (5) by using reason, people can gain freedom. The most brilliant of the philosophes was the writer Voltaire. He fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech. ety better. Enlightenment thinkers helped make Baron de Montesquieu wrote about separation of powers-dividing power among the separate branches of government. The third great philosophe was Jean Jacques Rousseau. He wrote in favor of human freedom. He wanted a society in Enlightenment ideas strongly influenced the American and French Revolutions. Enlightenment thinkers also helped spread the idea of progress. By using reason, they said, it is possible to make soci- the world less religious and more worldly. They also stressed the importance of the individual. 3. Explain the influence of Enlightenment ideas.