Costs of quality, quality improvement. iCover produces bags for carrying laptop computers. iCover sells 1,000,000 units each year at a price of $20 per unit and a contribution margin of 40%. To respond to customer complaints, iCover's mangers want to modify the production processes to pro- duce higher-quality products. The current costs of quality are as follows: Prevention costs $400,000 Appraisal costs $150,000 Internal failure costs Rework $325,000 Scrap $ 75,000 External failure costs Product repair costs $400,000 Lost sales from customer returns $650,000 The management accountant has forecast the following additional costs to modify the production process. Design changes Process engineering $125,000 $210,000
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
If the improvements result in a 55% decrease in product repair costs and a 70% decrease in lost sales from customer returns, what is the impact on the overall COQ and the company’s operating income? What should iCover do? Explain.
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