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contestant in a winter sporting event pushes a 45 kg block of ice in the positive direction across a frozen lake as shown in the figure. Assume the coefficients of static and kinetic friction are μs=0.1 and μk=0.03. (Figure image mentioned is attached) Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block sliding across the ice in newtons.  What is its acceleration in m/s2 once it starts to move, if that minimum force is maintained?

contestant in a winter sporting event pushes a 45 kg block of ice in the positive direction across a frozen lake as shown in the figure. Assume the coefficients of static and kinetic friction are μs=0.1 and μk=0.03. (Figure image mentioned is attached) Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block sliding across the ice in newtons.  What is its acceleration in m/s2 once it starts to move, if that minimum force is maintained?

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
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A contestant in a winter sporting event pushes a 45 kg block of ice in the positive direction across a frozen lake as shown in the figure. Assume the coefficients of static and kinetic friction are μs=0.1 and μk=0.03.

(Figure image mentioned is attached)

Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block sliding across the ice in newtons. 

What is its acceleration in m/s2 once it starts to move, if that minimum force is maintained? 

### Understanding Forces in Motion: Pushing an Object #### Diagram Explanation The image illustrates a person applying force to push a large object, likely an ice block. The angle and direction of the force applied are key aspects to consider in this scenario. - **Force Vector**: The red line represents the applied force (F). - **Angle of Application**: The force is being applied at an angle of 25 degrees to the horizontal. - **Position and Posture**: The person is leaning forward, using their legs for support and to generate pushing force. This posture helps to distribute the physical effort efficiently over the body. ### Important Concepts 1. **Angle of Force Application**: The angle at which force is applied can significantly impact the effectiveness of the force. Here, the 25-degree angle suggests that some components of the force are directed horizontally (effective in moving the object), while others are directed vertically (increasing normal force and friction). 2. **Components of Force**: - **Horizontal Component (F_x)**: This part of the force is responsible for moving the object across the surface. - **Vertical Component (F_y)**: This part of the force adds to the normal force exerted by the object on the ground, often increasing the frictional resistance to motion. ### Practical Implications Understanding the optimal angle at which to apply force can help in reducing the overall effort needed to move an object. Applying force at the correct angles ensures that more of the force contributes to the motion of the object rather than increasing friction. ### Application in Physics Problems When solving physics problems involving forces and motion, it is crucial to: - Break down the applied force into its horizontal and vertical components. - Calculate the resultant motion based on these components. - Consider friction and normal forces influenced by the vertical component of the applied force. This diagram serves as a practical illustration for understanding how the angle and direction of applied forces can affect the motion of an object, which is a fundamental aspect of mechanics in physics.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Forces in Motion: Pushing an Object #### Diagram Explanation The image illustrates a person applying force to push a large object, likely an ice block. The angle and direction of the force applied are key aspects to consider in this scenario. - **Force Vector**: The red line represents the applied force (F). - **Angle of Application**: The force is being applied at an angle of 25 degrees to the horizontal. - **Position and Posture**: The person is leaning forward, using their legs for support and to generate pushing force. This posture helps to distribute the physical effort efficiently over the body. ### Important Concepts 1. **Angle of Force Application**: The angle at which force is applied can significantly impact the effectiveness of the force. Here, the 25-degree angle suggests that some components of the force are directed horizontally (effective in moving the object), while others are directed vertically (increasing normal force and friction). 2. **Components of Force**: - **Horizontal Component (F_x)**: This part of the force is responsible for moving the object across the surface. - **Vertical Component (F_y)**: This part of the force adds to the normal force exerted by the object on the ground, often increasing the frictional resistance to motion. ### Practical Implications Understanding the optimal angle at which to apply force can help in reducing the overall effort needed to move an object. Applying force at the correct angles ensures that more of the force contributes to the motion of the object rather than increasing friction. ### Application in Physics Problems When solving physics problems involving forces and motion, it is crucial to: - Break down the applied force into its horizontal and vertical components. - Calculate the resultant motion based on these components. - Consider friction and normal forces influenced by the vertical component of the applied force. This diagram serves as a practical illustration for understanding how the angle and direction of applied forces can affect the motion of an object, which is a fundamental aspect of mechanics in physics.
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