Consider venous return. Which ONE of the following could increase venous return? A decrease in sympathetic nervous system activity to the veins. Exhaling (moving) air out of the lungs
please answer multiple choiceses
- Consider venous return. Which ONE of the following could increase venous return?
- A decrease in sympathetic nervous system activity to the veins.
- Exhaling (moving) air out of the lungs
- An increase in skeletal muscle contractions
2. Why does the plateau phase of the cardiac action potential allow for the completion of contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle?
- Because the plateau phase is absolute refractory to another stimulus
- Its summation of action potentials allows for smooth contraction of cardiac muscle
- It allows for the faster opening of K+ channels
3.Consider two ECG waveforms occurring one after another. If the R-R interval decreases, then what is happening?
- The QRS complexes become wider and slower
-The rate of ventricular DEpolarization increases
- There is an increase in heart rate
4.Given systolic pressure= 130 mmHg. Diastolic pressure=95 mmHg. Mean arterial pressure falls in which of the following ranges?
-100-110mmHG
-140-150 mmHg
-120-130 mmHG
5.Consider all of the blood vessels in the vasculature. Which ONE of the following statements is TRUE about blood vessels?
- Blood is equally distributed between the arterial and the venous systems
- All blood vessels have smooth muscle and are innervated by sympathetic nerves.
- In the capillaries, the cross sectional area is inversely proportional to the velocity of blood flow.
6.Given Heart Rate = 70 bpm, end diastolic volume = 120 mL, end systolic volume= 60 mL. Cardiac output falls in which of the following ranges? (Watch the units! 1000mL=1L
- 4.0-4.5L/min
- 8.0-8.5L/min
- 12.0-12.5L/min
7. Use the cardiac cycle diagram to answer the question below. Question: consider preload in the ventricle. Which part of the cardiac cycle best represents preload?
- Isovolumetric contraction
- Passive filling
- Ventricular systole
8. Compare action potentials from neurons, pacemaker cells, and cardiac myocytes. What do they have in common?
-Re-polarization involves the movement of K+ ions out of cells
- Activation of Na+ channels for DEpolarization
- All have stable resting membrane potentials
9.Edema is a condition where there is abnormal fluid accumulation in the interstitial space of tissues. What could cause edema?
- Re-absorption is far greater that filtration in the capillaries
- Capillary filtration that has far exceeded re-absorption
- Drainage of fluid into the lymphatic system is faster that capillary filtration
10.Consider the baroreceptor reflex arc. If the stimulus is a drop in blood pressure, which ONE of the following is a predicted effector response?
- Vasoconstriction of vessels by the sympathetic nervous system
- A decrease in heart rate caused by the parasympathetic nervous system
- In the myocardium, a decrease in contractility due to a decrease in norepinephrine release.
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