Consider the two half-reactions below and their standard reduction potentials. NAD+ + H+ + 2e → NADH E' = -0.32 V a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H+ + 2e → Isocitrate E= -0.38 V (a) What is AE" for the spontaneous redox reaction that is, the reaction that actually occurs under standard biochemical conditions (pH 7)? (b) Which of the following statements are correct under standard biochemical conditions? i. The concentration of H+ is 1.0 M. ii. The reaction NAD+ + Isocitrate → NADH + H+ + a-Ketoglutarate + CO2 is favor- able. iii. NAD+ accepts electrons from isocitrate. iv. The NAD → NADH reaction actually occurs in reverse. The a-ketoglutarate → isocitrate reaction occurs as written. (c) Calculate AG" for the reaction in (a). (pH 7, 25°C, pressure, 1 atm.) (d) Suppose that the actual conditions are T = 25°C, pH = 7, CO2 = 1 atm, [a-Ketoglutarate] = 2 mM, [Isocitrate] 10 mM, [NAD+] = 2.5 mM, and [NADH] = 0.5 mM. What is the value of AG under those conditions? = (Hints: pH 7 is already included in AG". Similarly, 1 atm is the standard pressure of CO2, which is also taken into account in AG".)
Consider the two half-reactions below and their standard reduction potentials. NAD+ + H+ + 2e → NADH E' = -0.32 V a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H+ + 2e → Isocitrate E= -0.38 V (a) What is AE" for the spontaneous redox reaction that is, the reaction that actually occurs under standard biochemical conditions (pH 7)? (b) Which of the following statements are correct under standard biochemical conditions? i. The concentration of H+ is 1.0 M. ii. The reaction NAD+ + Isocitrate → NADH + H+ + a-Ketoglutarate + CO2 is favor- able. iii. NAD+ accepts electrons from isocitrate. iv. The NAD → NADH reaction actually occurs in reverse. The a-ketoglutarate → isocitrate reaction occurs as written. (c) Calculate AG" for the reaction in (a). (pH 7, 25°C, pressure, 1 atm.) (d) Suppose that the actual conditions are T = 25°C, pH = 7, CO2 = 1 atm, [a-Ketoglutarate] = 2 mM, [Isocitrate] 10 mM, [NAD+] = 2.5 mM, and [NADH] = 0.5 mM. What is the value of AG under those conditions? = (Hints: pH 7 is already included in AG". Similarly, 1 atm is the standard pressure of CO2, which is also taken into account in AG".)
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Question
![Consider the two half-reactions below and their standard reduction potentials.
NAD+ + H+ + 2e → NADH
Elo= -0.32 V
a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H+ + 2e → Isocitrate E' = -0.38 V
(a) What is AE" for the spontaneous redox reaction that is, the reaction that actually
occurs under standard biochemical conditions (pH 7)?
(b) Which of the following statements are correct under standard biochemical conditions?
i. The concentration of H+ is 1.0 M.
ii. The reaction NAD+ + Isocitrate → NADH + H+ + a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ is favor-
able.
iii. NAD+ accepts electrons from isocitrate.
iv. The NAD → NADH reaction actually occurs in reverse. The a-ketoglutarate →
isocitrate reaction occurs as written.
(c) Calculate AG" for the reaction in (a). (pH 7, 25°C, pressure, 1 atm.)
(d) Suppose that the actual conditions are T = 25°C, pH = 7, CO₂ = 1 atm, [a-Ketoglutarate]
10 mM, [NAD+] = 2.5 mM, and [NADH] = 0.5 mM.
PAR
= 2 mM, [Isocitrate]
DE
What is the value of AG under those conditions?
(Hints: pH 7 is already included in AG". Similarly, 1 atm is the standard pressure of
CO2, which is also taken into account in AG.)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F418913bc-cce8-43f5-b0e1-66560aa38b67%2F8a877431-cf8a-4e0c-bc92-92e2ef9e9fe7%2F44adyr9_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Consider the two half-reactions below and their standard reduction potentials.
NAD+ + H+ + 2e → NADH
Elo= -0.32 V
a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H+ + 2e → Isocitrate E' = -0.38 V
(a) What is AE" for the spontaneous redox reaction that is, the reaction that actually
occurs under standard biochemical conditions (pH 7)?
(b) Which of the following statements are correct under standard biochemical conditions?
i. The concentration of H+ is 1.0 M.
ii. The reaction NAD+ + Isocitrate → NADH + H+ + a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ is favor-
able.
iii. NAD+ accepts electrons from isocitrate.
iv. The NAD → NADH reaction actually occurs in reverse. The a-ketoglutarate →
isocitrate reaction occurs as written.
(c) Calculate AG" for the reaction in (a). (pH 7, 25°C, pressure, 1 atm.)
(d) Suppose that the actual conditions are T = 25°C, pH = 7, CO₂ = 1 atm, [a-Ketoglutarate]
10 mM, [NAD+] = 2.5 mM, and [NADH] = 0.5 mM.
PAR
= 2 mM, [Isocitrate]
DE
What is the value of AG under those conditions?
(Hints: pH 7 is already included in AG". Similarly, 1 atm is the standard pressure of
CO2, which is also taken into account in AG.)
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