Consider the resonance structures of formate. Select the true statemets about the resonance structures. The actual structure of formate is an average of the two resonance forms. Each oxygen atom has a double bond 50% of the time. Each carbon-oxygen bond is somewhere between a single and double bond. The actual structure of formate switches back and forth between the two resonance forms. SA stv MacBook Air

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Title: Understanding the Resonance Structures of Formate**

**Resonance Structures of Formate**

The image above shows two resonance structures of the formate ion. Each structure depicts the distribution of electrons within the molecule, highlighting how electrons can be arranged in different ways to represent the same molecular entity.

**Diagrams Explanation:**

- There are two structures that differ in the placement of double bonds and lone pairs around the oxygen atoms.

1. **Structure 1**: 
   - One oxygen atom is shown with a double bond to the carbon atom and two lone pairs. 
   - The other oxygen has a single bond and three lone pairs.

2. **Structure 2**: 
   - The double and single bonds are switched between the two oxygen atoms compared to the first structure.

An arrow between the structures indicates that these are resonance forms of the same molecule.

**Multiple-Choice Question:**

_Select the true statements about the resonance structures:_

- [ ] The actual structure of formate is an average of the two resonance forms.
- [ ] Each oxygen atom has a double bond 50% of the time.
- [ ] Each carbon–oxygen bond is somewhere between a single and double bond.
- [ ] The actual structure of formate switches back and forth between the two resonance forms.

**Explanation:**

- The first statement describes resonance theory accurately: the true molecular structure is a hybrid of all resonance forms.
- The second statement implies the existence of a double bond in each oxygen atom half the time, which is a simplified view of resonance.
- The third statement reflects that due to resonance, bond lengths are intermediate between single and double bonds.
- The fourth statement incorrectly suggests physical shifting between forms, rather than representing a conceptual blend.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding the Resonance Structures of Formate** **Resonance Structures of Formate** The image above shows two resonance structures of the formate ion. Each structure depicts the distribution of electrons within the molecule, highlighting how electrons can be arranged in different ways to represent the same molecular entity. **Diagrams Explanation:** - There are two structures that differ in the placement of double bonds and lone pairs around the oxygen atoms. 1. **Structure 1**: - One oxygen atom is shown with a double bond to the carbon atom and two lone pairs. - The other oxygen has a single bond and three lone pairs. 2. **Structure 2**: - The double and single bonds are switched between the two oxygen atoms compared to the first structure. An arrow between the structures indicates that these are resonance forms of the same molecule. **Multiple-Choice Question:** _Select the true statements about the resonance structures:_ - [ ] The actual structure of formate is an average of the two resonance forms. - [ ] Each oxygen atom has a double bond 50% of the time. - [ ] Each carbon–oxygen bond is somewhere between a single and double bond. - [ ] The actual structure of formate switches back and forth between the two resonance forms. **Explanation:** - The first statement describes resonance theory accurately: the true molecular structure is a hybrid of all resonance forms. - The second statement implies the existence of a double bond in each oxygen atom half the time, which is a simplified view of resonance. - The third statement reflects that due to resonance, bond lengths are intermediate between single and double bonds. - The fourth statement incorrectly suggests physical shifting between forms, rather than representing a conceptual blend.
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