Consider the reaction: Malate + NAD +→ Oxaloacetate + NADH (AG° = +29.7 kJ/mol) A cell at 25°C has the following concentrations of these compounds: • malate = 0.5 mM oxaloacetate = 0.00002 mM NAD = 1 mM NADH = 0.04 mM Is the reaction spontaneous?
Consider the reaction: Malate + NAD +→ Oxaloacetate + NADH (AG° = +29.7 kJ/mol) A cell at 25°C has the following concentrations of these compounds: • malate = 0.5 mM oxaloacetate = 0.00002 mM NAD = 1 mM NADH = 0.04 mM Is the reaction spontaneous?
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
Could you help me with this? I'm stuck on this question.
![**Study of Malate to Oxaloacetate Reaction**
---
**Chemical Reaction Analysis**
Consider the biochemical reaction:
\[ \text{Malate} + \text{NAD} \leftrightarrow \text{Oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} \]
with a standard Gibbs free energy change (\( \Delta G'^\circ \)) of +29.7 kJ/mol.
---
**Experimental Conditions**
At 25°C, the cell has the following concentrations:
- **Malate**: 0.5 mM
- **Oxaloacetate**: 0.00002 mM
- **NAD**: 1 mM
- **NADH**: 0.04 mM
---
**Key Question**
Given the above concentrations, **is the reaction spontaneous**?
---
**Analysis and Conclusion**
Based on the provided data, you will need to calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) under cellular conditions, considering the provided concentrations, and compare it to zero to determine spontaneity.
The reaction will be spontaneous if:
\[ \Delta G = \Delta G'^\circ + RT \ln \left( \frac{[\text{Oxaloacetate}][\text{NADH}]}{[\text{Malate}][\text{NAD}]} \right) < 0 \]
Utilize the given data and apply appropriate calculations as part of the learning objective to comprehend whether the cellular conditions favor a spontaneous reaction.
For details on performing such calculations, refer to the instructional module on Gibbs free energy and reaction spontaneity.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe927df63-f1e3-498b-a31a-923bb5077d27%2F5aed935e-095a-4616-bde0-e0540cdc0f46%2F62cmfa6_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Study of Malate to Oxaloacetate Reaction**
---
**Chemical Reaction Analysis**
Consider the biochemical reaction:
\[ \text{Malate} + \text{NAD} \leftrightarrow \text{Oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} \]
with a standard Gibbs free energy change (\( \Delta G'^\circ \)) of +29.7 kJ/mol.
---
**Experimental Conditions**
At 25°C, the cell has the following concentrations:
- **Malate**: 0.5 mM
- **Oxaloacetate**: 0.00002 mM
- **NAD**: 1 mM
- **NADH**: 0.04 mM
---
**Key Question**
Given the above concentrations, **is the reaction spontaneous**?
---
**Analysis and Conclusion**
Based on the provided data, you will need to calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) under cellular conditions, considering the provided concentrations, and compare it to zero to determine spontaneity.
The reaction will be spontaneous if:
\[ \Delta G = \Delta G'^\circ + RT \ln \left( \frac{[\text{Oxaloacetate}][\text{NADH}]}{[\text{Malate}][\text{NAD}]} \right) < 0 \]
Utilize the given data and apply appropriate calculations as part of the learning objective to comprehend whether the cellular conditions favor a spontaneous reaction.
For details on performing such calculations, refer to the instructional module on Gibbs free energy and reaction spontaneity.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 3 images
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781319114671
Author:
Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781464126116
Author:
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781118918401
Author:
Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher:
WILEY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781319114671
Author:
Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781464126116
Author:
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781118918401
Author:
Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher:
WILEY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305961135
Author:
Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305577206
Author:
Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological …
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9780134015187
Author:
John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher:
PEARSON