Consider the reaction: 4HCl(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) + 2Cl₂ (g) Using standard absolute entropies at 298 K, calculate the entropy change for the system when 1.90 moles of HCl(g) react at standard conditions. AS⁰ Substance So (J/K mol) HCl(g) 186.9 O₂(g) 205.1 H₂O(g) 188.8 Cl₂ (g) 223.1 system J/K

Consider the reaction: 4HCl(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) + 2Cl₂ (g) Using standard absolute entropies at 298 K, calculate the entropy change for the system when 1.90 moles of HCl(g) react at standard conditions. AS⁰ Substance So (J/K mol) HCl(g) 186.9 O₂(g) 205.1 H₂O(g) 188.8 Cl₂ (g) 223.1 system J/K

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Using the data in the table, calculate the standard entropy changes for the following reactions at 25°C. S(s) + O2(g) → S02(g) Species [J/(mol K)] S(s) 167.83 J/(mol K) O2(g) 205.15 MGCO3(s) → MgO(s) + CO2(g) SO,(g) 248.22 MGCO3(s) 65.7 J/(mol K) MgO(s) 27.0 CO28) 213.78 2 C,H,(g) + 7 O2g)→ 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(1) C;Hg) 229.16 J/(mol K) H,0() 69.95
Acetone, CH; COCH3 , boils at 56°C. The heat of vaporization of acetone at this temperature is 29.1 kJ/mol. What is the entropy change when 9 mol of liquid acetone vaporizes at 56°C?
Standard Entropy of Reaction Molecular systems tend to move spontaneously to a state of maximum randomness or disorder. Molecular randomness, or disorder, is called entropy and is denoted by the symbol S. As a state function, entropy change, A.S. depends only on initial and final states. AS has a positive value when disorder increases and a negative value when disorder decreases. The following conditions usually result in an increase in entropy: • a change of phase: solid-liquid-gas, an increase in the number of gas molecules, or • a solid dissolving to form a solution. Although the sign of the entropy change can be predicted as described above, the actual value of AS° must be calculated from the absolute entropy values. Sº, of the reactants and products: ASS° (products) - S° (reactants) ▼ Part A Predict the sign of the entropy change. AS°, for each of the reaction displayed. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Positive Submit H₂O(1) H₂O(g)…
The decomposition of nitrogen pentoxide in the reaction 2N₂O5 (s)→ 4NO2(g) + O2(g) is endothermic with AH = +110 kJ/mol. Even so, this reaction is spontaneous for temperatures above 230 K because the change of a solid into a gas is a large increase of entropy.
Calculate ASsurr and ASuniverse for a reaction. Consider the reaction H₂S(g) + 2H₂O(1)→→3H₂(g) + SO₂(g) Using standard thermodynamic data (in the Chemistry References), calculate the entropy change of the surroundings and the universe at 25°C. AS surroundings = ASuniverse J/K J/K where ASO = 294.7 J/K rxn
Consider the reaction: 4HCl(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) + 2Cl₂ (g) Using standard absolute entropies at 298 K, calculate the entropy change for the system when 1.69 moles of HCl(g) react at standard conditions. AS⁰ Substance So (J/K mol) HCl(g) 186.9 O2(g) 205.1 H₂O(g) 188.8 Cl₂ (g) 223.1 system = J/K
For the following reaction (the detonation of nitroglycerin), is it spontaneous under standard conditions and how can you tell? 4 C4H5N3O9(l) (arrow >) 12 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g) + 6 N2(g) + O2(g) ΔH = -5678 kJ
The decomposition of copper (1) oxide to its elements does not occur spontaneously at 375°C (AG = 140.0 kJ): Cu₂0 (s) 2 Cu (s) + 1/2O₂(g). It can be made to occur spontaneously by being coupled to the oxidation of solid carbon to form carbon monoxide gas at this same temperature (AG = -143.8 kJ): C(s) + 1/2O₂(g) → CO (g) What product(s) is/are produced as a result of coupling the two reactions? CO (g) 2 Cu (s) and 1/2 O₂ (g) 2 Cu (s) and CO (g) 2 Cu (s), 1/2 O2 (g), and CO (g) 1/2 0₂ (g)
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Consider the following reaction: C(graphite) + 1/2 O2 (g) → CO(g) Is it spontaneous under standard conditions at 298 K? Answer this question by calculating AS" (system), AS° (surroundings), and AS (universe). (Define reactants and products as the system.) S* (J/mol · K) A¡H° (kJ/mol) at 298 K (kJ/mol) Compound at 298 K C(s, graphite) 5.6 CO(g) 197.674 -110.525 CS2 (g) 237.8 116.7 CCL (e) 214.39 -128.4 Cl2 (g) 223.08 Si(s) 18.82 SİCL, (g) 330.86 -662.75 S(s, rhombic) 32.1 Br2 (e) 152.2 HBr(g) 198.70 -36.29 H2 (g) 130.7 H2O2 (e) 109.6 -187.78 O2 (g) 205.07 O yes O no
given rgetable of standard molar entropy values of each substance in the reaction below, what is the standard change in entropy, delta s, for the following reaction? 2CH3OH(g)+3OH2- 2CO2(g)+4H2O(g) Substance= CH3OH(g) S(J/mol•K) 240 Substance=O2(g) S(J/mol•K) 205 Substance=CO2(g) S(J/mol•K) 214 Substance=H2O(g) S(J/mol•k) 189 a. -352 J/K b. -1302 J/K c. 315 J/K d. 89 J/K E. 1830 J/K