Consider the reaction: 2NACI + CaC03 + Na2CO3 + CaCl2 Write the equilibrium expression for this reaction? Be sure to consider states of matter as you enter the chemicals. Put the substances in the same relative order as in the reaction. Enter the correct formula for substances. If the substance should not be included in the equilibrium expression, place the formula where it would belong and enter a 0 as the exponent. K eq = Write the equilibrium expression for: Na2CO3 + CaCl, → 2 NaCl + CaCO3 K eq = How do the equilibrium constants compare? O The first K is twice as large as the second K. O The first K is half the nmber of the second K. O Experimental evidence is needed to determine this. O The two K values are recipricals of one another. O They are unrelated.

Consider the reaction: 2NACI + CaC03 + Na2CO3 + CaCl2 Write the equilibrium expression for this reaction? Be sure to consider states of matter as you enter the chemicals. Put the substances in the same relative order as in the reaction. Enter the correct formula for substances. If the substance should not be included in the equilibrium expression, place the formula where it would belong and enter a 0 as the exponent. K eq = Write the equilibrium expression for: Na2CO3 + CaCl, → 2 NaCl + CaCO3 K eq = How do the equilibrium constants compare? O The first K is twice as large as the second K. O The first K is half the nmber of the second K. O Experimental evidence is needed to determine this. O The two K values are recipricals of one another. O They are unrelated.

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter12: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 120QRT

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Because carbonic acid undergoes a second ionization, the student in Exercise 12.39 is concerned that the hydrogen ion concentration she calculated is not correct. She looks up the equilibrium constant for the reaction HCO,-(aq) «=* H+(aq) + COf'(aq) Upon finding that the equilibrium constant for this reaction is 4.8 X 10“H, she decides that her answer in Exercise 12.39 is correct. Explain her reasoning. A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H,CO,(aq) 5=6 H+(aq) + HCO,'(aq) K = 4.4 X 10'7She starts with 0.1000 A1 carbonic acid. W hat are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?
An equilibrium involving the carbonate and bicarbonate ions exists in natural waters: HCO5_(aq) «=* H+(aq) + COf-(aq) Assuming that the reactions in both directions are elementary' processes: Write rate expressions for the forward and reverse reactions. Write an expression for the equilibrium constant based on the rates of the forward and reverse reactions.
The atmosphere consists of about 80% N2 and 20% O2, yet there are many oxides of nitrogen that are stable and can be isolated in the laboratory. (a) Is the atmosphere at chemical equilibrium with respect to forming NO? (b) If not, why doesnt NO form? If so, how is it that NO can be made and kept in the laboratory for long periods?
At room temperature, the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction 2 NO(g) ⇌ N2(g) + O2(g) is 1.4 × 1030. Is this reaction product-favored or reactant-favored? Explain your answer. In the atmosphere at room temperature the concentration of N2 is 0.33 mol/L, and the concentration of O2 is about 25% of that value. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of NO in the atmosphere produced by the reaction of N2 and O2. How does this affect your answer to Question 11?
At 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Analysis shows that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are both 0.25 M, and that of NO is 0.0042 M under certain conditions. Is the system at equilibrium? (b) If the system is not at equilibrium, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (c) When the system is at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations?
The equilibrium between nitrogen monoxide, oxygen, and nitrogen dioxide may be expressed in the equation 2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO(g). Write the equilibrium constant expression for this equation. Then express the same equilibrium in at least two other ways, and write the equilibrium constant expression for each. Are the constants numerically equal? Cite some evidence to support your answer. Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen, both colorless gases, react to form reddish-brown nitrogen dioxide.
Write equilibrium constant expressions for the following reactions. For gases, use either pressures or concentrations. (a) 2 H2O2(g) 2 H2O(g) + O2(g) (b) CO(g) + O2g CO2(g) (c) C(s) + CO2(g) 2 CO(g) (d) NiO(s) + CO(g) Ni(s) + CO2(g)
The initial concentrations or pressures of reactants and products are given for each of the following systems. Calculate the reaction quotient and determine the direction in which each system will proceed to reach equilibrium. (a) 2NH3(g)N2(g)+3H2(g) Kc=17;[NH3]=0.50M,[N2]=0.15M,[H2]=0.12M (b) 2NH3(g)N2(g)+3H2(g) Kp=6.8104 initial pressures NH3=2.00atm,N2=10.00atm,H2=10.00atm (c) 2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g) Kc=0.230;[SO3]=2.00M,[SO2]=2.00M,[O2]=2.00M (d) 2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g) Kp=16.5 initial pressures SO2=1.00atm,O2=1.130atm,SO3=0atm (e) 2NO(g)+CI2(g)2NOCI(g) Kp=2.5103 ; initial pressures; NO=1.00atm,CI2=1.00atm,NOCI=0atm (f) N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g) Kc=0.050 ; [N2]=1.00M,[O2]=0.200M,[NO]=1.00M
Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go a step further and examine the equilibrium between carbonate ion and CaCOj. The reaction is Ca2+(aq) + COj2_(aq) ** CaCO,(s) The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 2.1 X 10*. If the initial calcium ion concentration is 0.02 AI and the carbonate concentration is 0.03 AI, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the ions? A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H2COj(aq) H+(aq) + HCO}‘(aq) K = 4.4 X 10"7 She starts with 0.1000 AI carbonic acid. What are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?
Given the following descriptions of reversible reactions, write a balanced net ionic equation (simplest whole-number coefficients) and the equilibrium constant expression (K) for each. (a) Liquid acetone (C3H6O) is in equilibrium with its vapor. (b) Hydrogen gas reduces nitrogen dioxide gas to form ammonia and steam. (c) Hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) bubbled into an aqueous solution of lead(ll) ions produces lead sulfide precipitate and hydrogen ions.
Write the mathematical expression for the reaction quotient, QC, for each of the following reactions (a) N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) (b) 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(g) (C) N2O2(g)2NO2(g) (d) CO2(g)+H2CO(g)+H2O(g) (e) NH4CI(s)NH3(g)+HCI(g) (f) 2Pb( NO3)2(s)2PbO(s)+4NO2(g)+O2(g) (g) 2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g) (h) S8(g)8S(g)
Kc = 5.6 1012 at 500 K for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms. I2(g) 2 I(g) A mixture has [I2] = 0.020 mol/Land [I] = 2.0 108 mol/L. Is the reaction at equilibrium (at 500 K)? If not, which way must the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium?