Consider the following. 0 2 A = 3 -1 3 20 1. (a) Compute the characteristic polynomial of A. (b) Compute the eigenvalues and bases of the corresponding eigenspaces of A. (c) Compute the algebraic and geometric multiplicity of each eigenvalue.

Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
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ChapterP: Prerequisites: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
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Consider the following.
1
0 2
A =
3 -1 3
0 1
(a) Compute the characteristic polynomial of A.
(b) Compute the eigenvalues and bases of the corresponding eigenspaces of A.
(c) Compute the algebraic and geometric multiplicity of each eigenvalue.
Transcribed Image Text:Consider the following. 1 0 2 A = 3 -1 3 0 1 (a) Compute the characteristic polynomial of A. (b) Compute the eigenvalues and bases of the corresponding eigenspaces of A. (c) Compute the algebraic and geometric multiplicity of each eigenvalue.
Recall that the general method to find the eigenvalues of a matrix A is to find the solutions 2 of the equation
det(A – A1) = 0. This is because 1 is an eigenvalue of A if and only if A - AI is noninvertible, which is the case
exactly when det(A – A1) = 0.
Notice that treating 2 as an unknown variable, the determinant det(A – AI1) is an expression rather than a
number and is called the characteristic polynomial.
First, set up the characteristic polynomial.
1
0 2
2 0 0
det(A – A1)
det
3
-1 3
2
1
1- 2
3
-1 - 1
=
2
1 -
To find the determinant, expand along the first row and substitute the appropriate expressions from the
matrix.
det(A – a1) = a11det(A11) – a12det(A,2) + a13det(A13)
Jdet(A11) - (0)det(A;2) +
Now, find the required submatrices that have nonzero coefficients in the above equation.
det(A,1) = (-1 - 2)(
- a) - (3)(0)
+ 1)(1 – 1)
det(A13) = (3)(0) - (-1 - 1)(2)
)(a + 2)
Transcribed Image Text:Recall that the general method to find the eigenvalues of a matrix A is to find the solutions 2 of the equation det(A – A1) = 0. This is because 1 is an eigenvalue of A if and only if A - AI is noninvertible, which is the case exactly when det(A – A1) = 0. Notice that treating 2 as an unknown variable, the determinant det(A – AI1) is an expression rather than a number and is called the characteristic polynomial. First, set up the characteristic polynomial. 1 0 2 2 0 0 det(A – A1) det 3 -1 3 2 1 1- 2 3 -1 - 1 = 2 1 - To find the determinant, expand along the first row and substitute the appropriate expressions from the matrix. det(A – a1) = a11det(A11) – a12det(A,2) + a13det(A13) Jdet(A11) - (0)det(A;2) + Now, find the required submatrices that have nonzero coefficients in the above equation. det(A,1) = (-1 - 2)( - a) - (3)(0) + 1)(1 – 1) det(A13) = (3)(0) - (-1 - 1)(2) )(a + 2)
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