Consider the following reaction.  Balance the reaction and use bond energies to estimate ΔHorxn   Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic

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Consider the following reaction.  Balance the reaction and use bond energies to estimate ΔHorxn   Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic

**Chemical Reaction: Methane and Chlorine Gas**

**Reaction:**

\[ \text{CH}_4(g) + \text{Cl}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{HCl} \]

**Description:**

In this reaction, methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)) reacts with chlorine gas (\(\text{Cl}_2\)) to produce chloroform (\(\text{CHCl}_3\)) and hydrogen chloride (\(\text{HCl}\)). 

**Diagram Explanation:**

- **Reactants:**
  - Methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)): A single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms in a tetrahedral structure. 
  - Chlorine (\(\text{Cl}_2\)): Represented as diatomic chlorine gas.

- **Products:**
  - Chloroform (\(\text{CHCl}_3\)): A carbon atom bonded to one hydrogen and three chlorine atoms, depicted with chlorine atoms surrounding the carbon.
  - Hydrogen chloride (\(\text{HCl}\)): Formed as a byproduct, consisting of a single hydrogen atom bonded to a chlorine atom.

**Note:**
All products are in gaseous form.
Transcribed Image Text:**Chemical Reaction: Methane and Chlorine Gas** **Reaction:** \[ \text{CH}_4(g) + \text{Cl}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{HCl} \] **Description:** In this reaction, methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)) reacts with chlorine gas (\(\text{Cl}_2\)) to produce chloroform (\(\text{CHCl}_3\)) and hydrogen chloride (\(\text{HCl}\)). **Diagram Explanation:** - **Reactants:** - Methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)): A single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms in a tetrahedral structure. - Chlorine (\(\text{Cl}_2\)): Represented as diatomic chlorine gas. - **Products:** - Chloroform (\(\text{CHCl}_3\)): A carbon atom bonded to one hydrogen and three chlorine atoms, depicted with chlorine atoms surrounding the carbon. - Hydrogen chloride (\(\text{HCl}\)): Formed as a byproduct, consisting of a single hydrogen atom bonded to a chlorine atom. **Note:** All products are in gaseous form.
Expert Solution
Introduction

The type of reaction whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic can be determined through the enthalpy of reaction. The enthalpy of reaction can be determined by calculating the energy spent during the breaking of bond and energy released during the formation of the bond. If the overall enthalpy is negative then the given reaction would be exothermic otherwise if the enthalpy is positive then the reaction would be endothermic. Bond energy is the average energy required breaking the bond; it also gives bond strength.

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