Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w and utility u(x) = . There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has net real return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has only two possible returns, R₁ with probability 1- q and Ro with probability q. We assume R₁ <0, Ro > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w - A is invested in the safe asset.
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- Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) /n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset. Calculate relative risk aversion for this investor. How does relative risk aversion depend on wealth?Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) /n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset.1) What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving?2) Find A as a function of w.Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) /n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset.a) What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving?b) Find A as a function of w.
- ANSWER E PLEASE ONLY Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) / n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset.a) What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving?b) Find A as a function of w. c) Does the investor put more or less of his portfolio into the risky assetas his wealth increases? d) Now find the share of wealth, α, invested in the risky asset. How doesα change with wealth? e) Calculate relative risk aversion for this investor. How does relativerisk aversion depend on wealth?ANSWER C AND D PLEASE ONLY Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) / n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset.a) What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving?b) Find A as a function of w. c) Does the investor put more or less of his portfolio into the risky assetas his wealth increases? d) Now find the share of wealth, α, invested in the risky asset. How doesα change with wealth?please explain clearly
- Hugo has a concave ubility function of U(W)=√W. His only asset is shares in an Internet start-up company. Tomorrow he will learn the stock's value. He belleves that it is worth $225 with probability 80% and $256 with probability 20%. What is his expected utsty? What risk premium would he pay to avoid bearing this risk? The stock's expected utility (EU) is EU = (Enter a numeric response using a real number rounded to two decimal places.) han froGiven the following information, what is the standard deviation of the returns on a portfolio that is invested 35 percent in both Stocks A and C, and 30 percent in Stock B? (see attached chart)Two stocks are available. The corresponding expectedrates of return are r¯1 and r¯2; the corresponding variances and covariances areσ12, σ22, and σ12. What percentages of total investment should be invested ineach of the two stocks to minimize the total variance of the rate of return ofthe resulting portfolio? What is the mean rate of return of this portfolio?
- A risk-averse expected-utility maximizer has initial wealth w0 and utility function u. She facesa risk of a financial loss of L dollars, which occurs with probability π. An insurance companyoffers to sell a policy that costs p dollars per dollar of coverage (per dollar paid back in theevent of a loss). Denote by x the number of dollars of coverage.(a) Give the formula for her expected utility V (x) as a function of x.(b) Suppose that u(z) = −e−zλ, π = 1/4, L = 100 and p = 1/3. Write V (x)using these values. There should be three variables, x, λ and w. Find the optimal value of x,as a function of λ and w, by solving the first-order condition (set the derivative of the expectedutility with respect to x equal to zero). (The second-order condition for this problem holds butyou do not need to check it.) Does the optimal amount of coverage increase or decrease in λ,where λ > 0?(c) Repeat exercise (b), but with p = 1/6.(d) You should find that for either (b) or (c), the optimal coverage…Jen is choosing a portfolio. For this choice, she is an expected utility maximizer. We fix the following preference representation for Jen: if she earns w dollars with probability 1, her utility is √w. There are two stocks she can buy, A or B. She will choose one. Stock A will be worth 1000 with probability ¹/2, and it will be worth 2000 with probability 1/2. Stock B will be worth 250 with probability 2/3 and 5000 with probability 1/3. Which does she choose?Optimal Portfolio: Mean-Variance OptimizationIf you are a portfolio manager who predicted that the tension in Ukraine might spiral into a global economic problem back in December 2021. She decided to construct a portfolio that, she think, would outperform in a war scenario, or in a heightened war risk scenario. Please use the following ETFs:IAU: iShares Gold Trust ETFVDE: Vanguard Energy ETFXLB: Materials Sector SPDR ETFDBC: Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking FundCQQQ: China Technology Index ETFConstraints:i. Use all ETF products. (Weight of each ETF>= 2% )ii. No ETF is to have more than 40% weight in portfolioObjective: Maximize Expected Return, Minimize volatility, ie. MaximizeSharpe RatioStep 1: Collect historical price/return data for the ETFs over Jan-2018 to Dec-21 period.Step 2: Assume the Average Historical Return is the Expected Return for each asset (strong assumption) and Historical Volatility is the Expected Volatility (strong assumption).Step 3: Present the var-cov…