Answered: Consider the following figure for the…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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$### Understanding the Reaction Energy Diagram #### Diagram Explanation The provided diagram represents a reaction energy profile for the reversible reaction $ A + B \leftrightarrow C + D $. - **Y-Axis (Free Energy):** This axis depicts the free energy of the system. - **X-Axis (Progress of Reaction):** This axis depicts the progress of the reaction from reactants to products. The diagram shows both the forward and reverse reactions, with specific energy levels marked by letters (a, b, c, d, e) to represent various aspects of the reaction. #### Key Points 1. **Is the reaction endergonic or exergonic?** - This can be determined by comparing the free energy of the reactants (A + B) and the products (C + D). 2. **Is the ΔG for the reaction > 0 or < 0?** - ΔG (change in free energy) is the difference between the free energy of the products and the reactants. 3. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the ΔG of the reaction?** - The ΔG is represented by the difference in free energy between the reactants and the products. 4. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) would be the same in either an enzyme-catalyzed or a noncatalyzed reaction?** - The overall free energy change (ΔG of the reaction) remains unchanged whether the reaction is catalyzed or not. 5. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the activation energy needed for the enzyme-catalyzed reverse reaction, $C + D \rightarrow A + B$?** - Activation energies vary based on the forward and reverse reactions' peaks relative to their respective reactants and products. 6. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the difference between the free-energy content of the reactants and the free-energy content of the products?** - This is also a measure of ΔG, representing the overall free-energy change in the reaction. #### Detailed Analysis of the Energy Diagram - **a:** Represents the activation energy of the forward reaction (from A + B to the peak). - **b:** Represents the activation energy of the reverse reaction (from C + D to the peak). - **c:** This illustrates the total free-energy change (Δ$

Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Reaction Energy Diagram #### Diagram Explanation The provided diagram represents a reaction energy profile for the reversible reaction $ A + B \leftrightarrow C + D $. - **Y-Axis (Free Energy):** This axis depicts the free energy of the system. - **X-Axis (Progress of Reaction):** This axis depicts the progress of the reaction from reactants to products. The diagram shows both the forward and reverse reactions, with specific energy levels marked by letters (a, b, c, d, e) to represent various aspects of the reaction. #### Key Points 1. **Is the reaction endergonic or exergonic?** - This can be determined by comparing the free energy of the reactants (A + B) and the products (C + D). 2. **Is the ΔG for the reaction > 0 or < 0?** - ΔG (change in free energy) is the difference between the free energy of the products and the reactants. 3. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the ΔG of the reaction?** - The ΔG is represented by the difference in free energy between the reactants and the products. 4. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) would be the same in either an enzyme-catalyzed or a noncatalyzed reaction?** - The overall free energy change (ΔG of the reaction) remains unchanged whether the reaction is catalyzed or not. 5. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the activation energy needed for the enzyme-catalyzed reverse reaction, $C + D \rightarrow A + B$?** - Activation energies vary based on the forward and reverse reactions' peaks relative to their respective reactants and products. 6. **Which part of the figure (shown with a letter) represents the difference between the free-energy content of the reactants and the free-energy content of the products?** - This is also a measure of ΔG, representing the overall free-energy change in the reaction. #### Detailed Analysis of the Energy Diagram - **a:** Represents the activation energy of the forward reaction (from A + B to the peak). - **b:** Represents the activation energy of the reverse reaction (from C + D to the peak). - **c:** This illustrates the total free-energy change (Δ

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