Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: name nitrous acid 0.1 M KI hydrofluoric acid solution 0.1 M CH3NH3Br acid 0.1 M C₂H5NH3Cl 0.1 M NaNO₂ Ka formula HNO₂ 4.5 x 104 HF Use this data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. X 6.8 x 10 pH choose one choose one choose one -4 choose one base K₂ formula ethylamine C₂H5NH₂ 6.4 x 10-4 methylamine CH3NH₂ 4.4 x 10-4 name

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### Understanding the pH of Acid and Base Solutions

Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases:

#### Acid Data
| Name          | Formula | \( K_a \)         |
|---------------|---------|-------------------|
| Nitrous Acid  | \( \text{HNO}_2 \) | \( 4.5 \times 10^{-4} \) |
| Hydrofluoric Acid | \( \text{HF} \)        | \( 6.8 \times 10^{-4} \) |

#### Base Data
| Name        | Formula   | \( K_b \)         |
|-------------|-----------|-------------------|
| Ethylamine  | \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \) | \( 6.4 \times 10^{-4} \) |
| Methylamine | \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_2 \)  | \( 4.4 \times 10^{-4} \) |

Use the above data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on.

#### Solutions to Rank
| Solution | pH      |
|----------|---------|
| 0.1 M \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_3\text{Br} \) | 
| 0.1 M \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_3\text{Cl} \) | 
| 0.1 M \( \text{KI} \)                      | 
| 0.1 M \( \text{NaNO}_2 \)                  | 

**Explanation:**
- **0.1 M \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_3\text{Br} \)**: This is a solution of the salt of a weak base (methylamine) and a strong acid (HBr). The solution will be slightly acidic.
- **0.1 M \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_3\text{Cl} \)**: This is a solution of the salt of a weak base (ethylamine)
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the pH of Acid and Base Solutions Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: #### Acid Data | Name | Formula | \( K_a \) | |---------------|---------|-------------------| | Nitrous Acid | \( \text{HNO}_2 \) | \( 4.5 \times 10^{-4} \) | | Hydrofluoric Acid | \( \text{HF} \) | \( 6.8 \times 10^{-4} \) | #### Base Data | Name | Formula | \( K_b \) | |-------------|-----------|-------------------| | Ethylamine | \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \) | \( 6.4 \times 10^{-4} \) | | Methylamine | \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_2 \) | \( 4.4 \times 10^{-4} \) | Use the above data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. #### Solutions to Rank | Solution | pH | |----------|---------| | 0.1 M \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_3\text{Br} \) | | 0.1 M \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_3\text{Cl} \) | | 0.1 M \( \text{KI} \) | | 0.1 M \( \text{NaNO}_2 \) | **Explanation:** - **0.1 M \( \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_3\text{Br} \)**: This is a solution of the salt of a weak base (methylamine) and a strong acid (HBr). The solution will be slightly acidic. - **0.1 M \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_3\text{Cl} \)**: This is a solution of the salt of a weak base (ethylamine)
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