Consider the following class definition: class X { char a; int b; short c; char d; int e; }; Write the output for each cout statement in the blank spaces for the following code segment: X a; cout << &a << endl; cout << reinterpret_cast(&a.a) << endl; cout << &a.b << endl; cout << &a.c << endl; cout << reinterpret_cast(&a.d) << endl; cout << &a.e << endl; Oxb34144

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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### Class Definition and Output Analysis

#### Consider the following class definition:

```cpp
class X { 
    char a; 
    int b; 
    short c; 
    char d; 
    int e; 
};
```

#### Code Segment Analysis:

Given the class `X`, you are required to write the output for each `cout` statement in the blank spaces based on the following code segment:

```cpp
X a;
cout << &a << endl;
cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(&a.a) << endl;
cout << &a.b << endl;
cout << &a.c << endl;
cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(&a.d) << endl;
cout << &a.e << endl;
```

#### Example Outputs

1. **Address of Object `a`**: This outputs the base address of the object `a`.

   **Output**: `0xb34144` (given as an example base address)

2. **Address of Member `a.a`**: This outputs the address of the member `a` within the object `a`, using `reinterpret_cast`.

   **Output**: `0xb34144`

3. **Address of Member `a.b`**: This prints the address of `b`. Assuming natural alignment, the `char a` might be followed by padding to align the `int b`.

   **Output**: `0xb34148` (considering 4-byte alignment and padding after `char`)

4. **Address of Member `a.c`**: This prints the address of `c`; it might follow `b` with additional padding for alignment.

   **Output**: `0xb3414c` (assuming `int` is 4 bytes)

5. **Address of Member `a.d`**: Similar to earlier addresses, this outputs the location of `d`.

   **Output**: `0xb3414e` (considering `short` is 2 bytes)

6. **Address of Member `a.e`**: This prints the address of `e`, which follows `d` and aligns naturally.

   **Output**: `0xb34150` (considering padding for alignment)

> Note: Outputs are based on assumed padding and alignment in memory, typical in many systems. Actual addresses may vary depending on the system architecture and compiler settings.
Transcribed Image Text:### Class Definition and Output Analysis #### Consider the following class definition: ```cpp class X { char a; int b; short c; char d; int e; }; ``` #### Code Segment Analysis: Given the class `X`, you are required to write the output for each `cout` statement in the blank spaces based on the following code segment: ```cpp X a; cout << &a << endl; cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(&a.a) << endl; cout << &a.b << endl; cout << &a.c << endl; cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(&a.d) << endl; cout << &a.e << endl; ``` #### Example Outputs 1. **Address of Object `a`**: This outputs the base address of the object `a`. **Output**: `0xb34144` (given as an example base address) 2. **Address of Member `a.a`**: This outputs the address of the member `a` within the object `a`, using `reinterpret_cast`. **Output**: `0xb34144` 3. **Address of Member `a.b`**: This prints the address of `b`. Assuming natural alignment, the `char a` might be followed by padding to align the `int b`. **Output**: `0xb34148` (considering 4-byte alignment and padding after `char`) 4. **Address of Member `a.c`**: This prints the address of `c`; it might follow `b` with additional padding for alignment. **Output**: `0xb3414c` (assuming `int` is 4 bytes) 5. **Address of Member `a.d`**: Similar to earlier addresses, this outputs the location of `d`. **Output**: `0xb3414e` (considering `short` is 2 bytes) 6. **Address of Member `a.e`**: This prints the address of `e`, which follows `d` and aligns naturally. **Output**: `0xb34150` (considering padding for alignment) > Note: Outputs are based on assumed padding and alignment in memory, typical in many systems. Actual addresses may vary depending on the system architecture and compiler settings.
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