Consider ab N-bit DAC whose output varies from 0 to VFS (where the subscript FS denotes "full scale"). (a) Show that a change in the least significant bit (LSB) induces a change of VFS/(2N-1) in the output.This is the resolution of the converter. (b) Convince yourself that the DAC can produce any desired output voltage between 0 and VFS with at most VFS/2(2N-1) error (i.e., one-half the resolution). This is called quantization error of the converter. (c) For VFS = 5 V, how many bits are required tp obtain a resolution of 2 mV or better? What is the actual resolution obtained? What is the resulting

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Digital to Analog Converters

Digital to analog converters are commonly known as DAC, digital analog converter, D2A, or Digital-to-Analog converters. DACs are one of the important devices used in the electronics and electrical domain. DACs are the systems that convert a digital signal into an analog signal, whereas an analog to digital converter or ADC performs the opposite function. Digital signals are those signals that can represent the information or data as a set of discrete values. At a particular instant of time, a digital signal can only take a particular value of data. A digital signal is characterized by two unique values; zeros and ones, or true and false, represented by the Boolean domain. These are also known as binary signals or logic signals. Unlike digital signals, an analog signal is represented by continuous values, where at any time instant, the analog signal is represented by a real number.