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Consider a water molecule (H₂O). The two hydrogen atoms are positively charged, the oxygen atom is doubly negatively charged. The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is 104.5°. The oxygen-hydrogen distance is 0.096 nm. Ľ 104.5 0.096 nm T:

Consider a water molecule (H₂O). The two hydrogen atoms are positively charged, the oxygen atom is doubly negatively charged. The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is 104.5°. The oxygen-hydrogen distance is 0.096 nm. Ľ 104.5 0.096 nm T:

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Consider a water molecule (H₂O). The two hydrogen atoms are positively charged, the oxygen atom is doubly negatively charged. The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is 104.5°. The oxygen-hydrogen distance is 0.096 nm. 104.5" 0.096 nm T: Considering the atoms as non-bonded, independent charges... what is the net electric force vector on the oxygen atom (blue)? insidering the atoms as non-bonded, independent charges... what is the potential energy of this arrangement? Iculate the electric dipole moment (i.e. dipole vector) of the water molecule, using the axes in the figure to establish unit vectors. Hint: Treat the molecule as two independent dipoles, and add the moments as vectors. I claim it is p = -1.88 x 10-299 Cm. Am I correct? Why is it negative? (NOTE: The measured value of the dipole moment of water is about [p] = 0.617 x 10-29 C m, or about 1/3 of our calculated value.
Transcribed Image Text:Consider a water molecule (H₂O). The two hydrogen atoms are positively charged, the oxygen atom is doubly negatively charged. The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is 104.5°. The oxygen-hydrogen distance is 0.096 nm. 104.5" 0.096 nm T: Considering the atoms as non-bonded, independent charges... what is the net electric force vector on the oxygen atom (blue)? insidering the atoms as non-bonded, independent charges... what is the potential energy of this arrangement? Iculate the electric dipole moment (i.e. dipole vector) of the water molecule, using the axes in the figure to establish unit vectors. Hint: Treat the molecule as two independent dipoles, and add the moments as vectors. I claim it is p = -1.88 x 10-299 Cm. Am I correct? Why is it negative? (NOTE: The measured value of the dipole moment of water is about [p] = 0.617 x 10-29 C m, or about 1/3 of our calculated value.
Now the water molecule is placed in region IV- that is, outside of the outer cylinder from part b in this test. The angle between the molecule's axis of symmetry and the vector to the molecule is 20°, as shown below. The molecule is 2 cm from the outside face of the outer cylinder. Use the measured value of the dipole moment in the following sections (see NOTE above). DO NOT USE the value you calculated in part e.iii. i. ii. iii. 2 cm 20⁰ What is the torque on the water molecule due to the electric field from the cylinders? Hint: Consider the result from part b. /hat is the potential energy of the dipole in the arrangement shown above? If the dipole were free to rotate, but not translate, what is the minimum possible potential energy of the dipole?
Transcribed Image Text:Now the water molecule is placed in region IV- that is, outside of the outer cylinder from part b in this test. The angle between the molecule's axis of symmetry and the vector to the molecule is 20°, as shown below. The molecule is 2 cm from the outside face of the outer cylinder. Use the measured value of the dipole moment in the following sections (see NOTE above). DO NOT USE the value you calculated in part e.iii. i. ii. iii. 2 cm 20⁰ What is the torque on the water molecule due to the electric field from the cylinders? Hint: Consider the result from part b. /hat is the potential energy of the dipole in the arrangement shown above? If the dipole were free to rotate, but not translate, what is the minimum possible potential energy of the dipole?
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