Consider a thin, spherical shell of radius R and total mass M as shown in the Figure below. Given that the surface area of a sphere is 4nR^2, the mass per unit area of the sphere is 4x R Rde a) Consider a thin ring on the surface of the spherical shell of width Rdo as shown in blue. Show that the mass of the ring dM is given by M sin ødø 2 dM = b) Show that the gravitational field due to the single ring at a point P distance r from the centre of the sphere is given by j = GM cos 0 sin ødø î 2s2 c) Using trigonometric identities (or deriving the geometry from first principles), show that this field can be re-written as -GM (s² +r² – R²) -ds î 4Rr²s²

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Consider a thin, spherical shell of radius R and total mass M as shown in the Figure below. Given that
the surface area of a sphere is 4nR^2, the mass per unit area of the sphere is
4x R
Rde
a) Consider a thin ring on the surface of the spherical shell of width Rdo as shown in blue. Show that
the mass of the ring dM is given by
M
sin ødø
2
dM =
b) Show that the gravitational field due to the single ring at a point P distance r from the centre of
the sphere is given by
j =
GM
cos 0 sin ødø î
2s2
c) Using trigonometric identities (or deriving the geometry from first principles), show that this field
can be re-written as
-GM (s² +r² – R²)
-ds î
4Rr²s²
d) Assuming r>R (i.e., the point P is outside the sphere), calculate the gravitational field from the
entire spherical shell by integrating over individual thin rings (be careful to choose appropriate limits
of integration). Show that the field everywhere outside the spherical shell is identical to that of a
point mass located at the origin.
Transcribed Image Text:Consider a thin, spherical shell of radius R and total mass M as shown in the Figure below. Given that the surface area of a sphere is 4nR^2, the mass per unit area of the sphere is 4x R Rde a) Consider a thin ring on the surface of the spherical shell of width Rdo as shown in blue. Show that the mass of the ring dM is given by M sin ødø 2 dM = b) Show that the gravitational field due to the single ring at a point P distance r from the centre of the sphere is given by j = GM cos 0 sin ødø î 2s2 c) Using trigonometric identities (or deriving the geometry from first principles), show that this field can be re-written as -GM (s² +r² – R²) -ds î 4Rr²s² d) Assuming r>R (i.e., the point P is outside the sphere), calculate the gravitational field from the entire spherical shell by integrating over individual thin rings (be careful to choose appropriate limits of integration). Show that the field everywhere outside the spherical shell is identical to that of a point mass located at the origin.
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