Consider a system shown in the figure. Square chamber A, initlally contafns Argon at 25 C, 100kPa in equilibrium. Piston-1 initially at stops and has mass such that 125kPa will float it. The system extends in thickness direction 0.2m, and other lo dimensions are as mentioned in the Plston 1 k 20 kN/m figure. Heat is added to Argon till its pressure reaches 200kPa. Both pistons are square in shape. Neglect space occupied by stops. a) Is piston 1 touching the upper stops in the final state? Justify. b) Is piston 2 touching the stops in the final state? Justify. c) What is the work done and heat added during the entire process? d) Plot the complete process on P-V diagram. e) What is final temperature? www. Chamber A 0.2 m o.1 m- Plston 2 40.1 m- -0.2m-

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Chemical and Phase Equilibrium

Phase diagrams or equilibrium phase diagrams are the graphical representations that show the phase transformations of the constituting elements with respect to the pressure, temperature, and compositions. The diagrams show the conditions that limit the different phases, namely solid, liquid, and gas. The diagram can also be utilized to verify the relations between the state variables. Most of the phase diagrams are temperature-pressure phase diagrams, with the variable parameter as the composition. Usually other variables such as solubility and pressure parameters are not indicated in the phase diagram. For a one-component system (unary phase diagram), the phase diagram is generally a function of temperature and pressure as the state variables, or temperature and volume. However, for a binary system (two-phase) having two components, the phase diagram is a function of temperature and composition as the state variables only. Coexisting of the different phases of the constituting elements is indicated in the phase diagram. A ternary phase diagram can be characterized by consisting of three phases in equilibrium.