Consider a protein-ligand binding reaction in which the equilibrium concentration of protein-ligand complex is measured to be 19.723 nM and the equilibrium concentration of unbound ligand is measured to be 15.788 nM. The initial protein concentration, prior to the addition of the ligand, was 29.662 nM. Given these measurements, calculate the value of Kd for the ligand binding interaction

Q: principle mechanism

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