Consider a modification of the air-standard Otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and expansion processes are each replaced with polytropic processes having n = 1.35. The compression ratio is 10 for the modified cycle. At the beginning of compression, p1 = 1 bar and T1 = 310 K. The maximum temperature during the cycle is 2200 K. Determine:(a) the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle (see Picture).(b) the percent thermal efficiency.(c) the mean effective pressure, in bar. ### Part A: Heat Transfer and Work in Modified Cycle#### Objective:Determine the heat transfer (\( Q \)) and work (\( W \)) in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle. Note that the air is considered a closed system.#### Processes and Formulas:1. **Process 1-2:** \[ \frac{Q_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]2. **Process 2-3:** \[ \frac{Q_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]3. **Process 3-4:** \[ \frac{Q_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]4. **Process 4-1:** \[ \frac{Q_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]#### Explanation of Symbols:- \( Q \): Heat transfer- \( W \): Work- \( m \): Mass of the air- Subscripts 12, 23, 34, and 41 denote the different processes in the thermodynamic cycle.Each process has fields for the input of calculations related to heat transfer and work. Ensure you insert the appropriate values in kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg) for each respective process.

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Answered: Consider a modification of the…

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

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Consider a modification of the air-standard Otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and expansion processes are each replaced with polytropic processes having n = 1.35. The compression ratio is 10 for the modified cycle. At the beginning of compression, p₁ = 1 bar and T₁ = 310 K. The maximum temperature during the cycle is 2200 K.

Determine:

(a) the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle (see Picture).

(b) the percent thermal efficiency.

### Part A: Heat Transfer and Work in Modified Cycle

#### Objective:
Determine the heat transfer (\( Q \)) and work (\( W \)) in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle. Note that the air is considered a closed system.

#### Processes and Formulas:

1. **Process 1-2:**
\[
\frac{Q_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

2. **Process 2-3:**
\[
\frac{Q_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

3. **Process 3-4:**
\[
\frac{Q_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

4. **Process 4-1:**
\[
\frac{Q_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \qquad \frac{W_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

#### Explanation of Symbols:
- \( Q \): Heat transfer
- \( W \): Work
- \( m \): Mass of the air
- Subscripts 12, 23, 34, and 41 denote the different processes in the thermodynamic cycle.

Each process has fields for the input of calculations related to heat transfer and work. Ensure you insert the appropriate values in kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg) for each respective process.

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